郑州市中学生抑郁症状现况分析  

Cross-sectional study of depressive symptoms among middle school students in Zhengzhou city

作　　者：蔡晓萌[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第五附属医院,郑州450052

出　　处：《医药论坛杂志》2018年第1期23-27,共5页Journal of Medical Forum

基　　金：郑州市科技领军人才项目(131PLJRC665)

摘　　要：目的青少年是个人发展中人格性格成型的重要阶段,这个阶段精神状况是否稳定,既关系青少年身心全面的发展,更关系到家庭乃至整个社会的和谐与稳定。本文通过对郑州市中学生抑郁症状进行筛查,根据中学生特有的生活心理情况分析其抑郁症状发生的影响因素,对中学生心理健康引导方面的教育提供一个有效、科学的思路,对下阶段郑州市开展其他人群抑郁症流行病学调查提供借鉴,为政府制定精神卫生政策提供一定的科学数据。方法通过文献分析和专家咨询,自编基本情况调查表,选取流调中心用抑郁症筛查量表(CES-D),采取随机分层整群抽样法,先随机抽取市区内四所中学,再整群抽取初一到高三6个年级的学生,整群抽取各个年级两个班级作为样本人群。调查问卷回收后用Epidata软件建立数据库,双人双机双录入,采用软件SPSS 21.0和Excel 2007进行数据统计分析,包括描述分析、卡方检验等。检验水准α=0.05。结果样本人群中学生抑郁症状阳性率在性别、年级、社会支持、生活习惯等因素上具有显著相关性。在居住状况层面,没有显著相关性。结论性别、年级、社会支持、体育锻炼程度、吸烟喝酒程度等因素均影响中学生抑郁症状的因素。学校和家长均需多关注学生的心理健康状况。Objective The status of adolescents is a very important period of nature and character in human life. Whether the mental status of adolescents is stable is not only related to the development of teenagers＇ mind and body,but also to the harmony and stability of society and family. Through the screening of depressive symptoms among middle school students in Zhengzhou,according to the middle school students＇ psychological characteristic,to analyze the depressive symptoms,to provide a scientific and effective way to guide students＇ mental health education,and provide reference for the next stage of opening epidemiological survey of depression among other group of population,provide some scientific data for the development to make mental health policy. Methods Through literature analysis and expert consultation,using self-made questionnaire and CES depression screening scale（ CES-D）,by random stratified cluster sampling survey,choose middle school students from four schools,two classes in each grade in each school were selected as sample population cluster. Using the software Epidata3. 1 to establish a database for double data entry,using SP SS 21 and Excel 2007 for statistical analysis, including descriptive analysis, chi square tests etc. Test level α = 0. 05.Results The middle school students＇ depressive symptoms in gender,grade,social support,physical exercise,smoking,drinking was significantly correlated. In the aspect of living conditions,the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion The factors that affect the depressive symptoms of middle school students are gender,grade,social support,physical exercise,smoking and drinking. Schools and parents all need to pay more attention to students＇ mental health.

关 键 词：抑郁症状 阳性率 中学生 人口学特征 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]