牙轮钻头轴承表面织构三种加工方法对比分析  

Contrastive Analysis of Three Processing Methods of Roller Bit Bearing Surface Texture

作　　者：何霞[1] 李梦媛[1] 王国荣[1] 蒋龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学机电工程学院,成都610500

出　　处：《表面技术》2018年第3期28-35,共8页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51505397)~~

摘　　要：目的研究牙轮钻头轴承上润滑减磨的有效织构加工方法,从而进一步深入牙轮钻头轴承上仿生表面织构的研究。方法开展精密雕刻、纳秒激光和飞秒激光三种加工方式在牙轮钻头轴承上加工织构的实验,观察加工织构底部形貌,从织构加工尺寸、加工精度、加工对象三个方面对比分析三种织构加工方式的优缺点。结果精密雕刻技术可获得较规则的织构三维形貌,但不适用加工熔点高的材料,且仅适用于直径大于400?m的织构。纳秒激光由于金属熔融堆积效应,织构加工质量较差。飞秒激光技术的加工质量高且不受材料限制,能获得较好的织构轮廓,合理织构直径应小于300μm。结论为织构化牙轮钻头滑动轴承的加工方法提供依据。综合织构加工尺寸范围、加工对象和加工精度,飞秒激光加工技术在牙轮钻头轴承上具有良好的应用前景,精密雕刻技术仅在织构尺寸较大时可采用。Surface texture has been proved to be effective in improving lubrication performance, reducing frictional wear, but also promoting emergence of various texture processing methods. The work aims to find an effective method of texture processing for research of texture lubrication and antifriction on roller bit bearing, so as to further study bionic surface texture on the roller bit bearing. Processing modes of precision carving, nanosecond laser and femtosecond laser were used for texture experiment of the roller bit bearing, bottom morphology of the processed texture was observed to analyze advantages and disadvantages of three texture processing methods in terms of texture processing dimension, machining accuracy and processing object. Regular 3D texture morphology could be obtained by adopting precision carving technology, but is the technology was applicable to textures with diameter over 400 ？m instead of materials with high melting point. Due to the effect of molten metal accumulation, nanosecond laser exhibited poor texture processing quality. Better texture profile could be obtained by femtosecond laser technology as it exhibited high processing quality and was not limited by materials, and reasonable texture diameter should be less than 300 ？m. It provides a basis for processing methods of texturing sliding bearing of roller bit. Femtosecond laser technology has a good application prospect in the field of roller bit bearing in terms of texture processing dimension, processing object and machining accuracy, and precision carving technology can be used only when the texture size is large.

关 键 词：牙轮钻头轴承 表面织构 精密雕刻 纳秒激光 飞秒激光 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备] TG669[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]