赤霉素对“西拉”葡萄果穗及果实品质的影响  

Effect of GA_3 on Fruit Cluster and Fruit Quality of ‘Syrah' Grape

作　　者：赵亚蒙 刘迪迪[1] 梁攀 乐小凤 张振文[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《北方园艺》2018年第5期64-68,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资助项目(CARS-30-zp-09)

摘　　要：以"西拉"葡萄为试材,于2015、2016年分别利用赤霉素进行葡萄疏穗试验,在"西拉"葡萄开花前15、20d分别采用不同浓度(3、5、7mg·L-1)的赤霉素溶液处理其花序,研究了赤霉素处理对"西拉"葡萄果穗长度、果穗质量、坐果率、发病率及果实品质的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,赤霉素处理的葡萄果穗长度增加,坐果率、果穗质量、发病率均显著降低,百粒质量无显著差异,从而大大提高了"西拉"葡萄果穗的疏松程度,且在相同的剂量条件下,开花前20d处理比开花前15d效果好;在同一处理时期,5mg·L-1赤霉素的处理效果最佳;赤霉素浓度在3~7mg·L-1时,总酸含量降低,还原糖含量升高,糖酸比显著增加,且赤霉素浓度在5mg·L-1时浆果的糖酸比最佳;各处理组的单宁、总酚、总花色苷含量均比对照显著增加,且5~7mg·L-1赤霉素处理的效果较好。综合各项指标,开花前20d使用5mg·L-1的赤霉素处理葡萄花序效果最好,可拉长果穗,减少人工疏果工作量,提高果实品质。In order to study the effects of GA3 on the cluster length,cluster weight,fruit setting rate,morbidity and fruit quality of‘Syrah＇grape,‘Syrah＇grape was treated with different concentrations（3 mg·L^（-1）,5 mg·L^（-1）,7 mg·L^（-1））of GA3 in 20 days and 15 days before flowering in 2015 and2016.The results showed that compared with the control,cluster length increased in the gibberellin treatments,fruit setting rate,cluster weight,morbidity significantly decreased,hundred-grain weight had no significant difference,so that the degree of loosening cluster was greatly improved,and under the same concentration of gibberellin,the treatment was better in 20 days before flowering than15 days before flowering;under the same treatment period,the treatment effect of 5 mg·L^（-1） was the best.When the concentration of gibberellin was between 3 mg·L^（-1） and 7 mg·L^（-1）,the content of total acid decreased,the sugar content increased and the sugar-acid ratio of grape significantly increased,and the sugar-acid ratio was the best under the concentration of gibberellin was 5 mg·L^（-1）.The tannin content,total phenol content,total anthocyanins content compared with the control significantly increased,and gibberellin treatment effect was better under high concentrations（5-7 mg·L^（-1））.The results showed that the infestation treated by gibberellin with the concentration of5 mg·L^（-1） in 20 days before flowering was the best treatment,which could elongate cluster length,reduce manual workload and improve yield and quality of fruit.

关 键 词：“西拉”葡萄 赤霉素 果穗长度 果实品质 

分 类 号：S663.105[农业科学—果树学]