库布齐沙漠110MW光伏基地次生风沙危害的动力学机制  

Dynamic Mechanism Research on the Secondary Blown Sand Disaster in the 110 MW Photovoltaic Arrays of the Hobq Desert

作　　者：郭彩贇 韩致文 李爱敏 钟帅 Guo Caiyun1＇2, Han Zhiwen1, Li Aimin1＇ 2,3, Zhong Shuai1＇2(1 .Key Laboratory of Desert and Deserti fication, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Acade- my of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3.Urban Construction College, Heze University, Heze 27 4015 ,Shandong, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]菏泽学院城市建设学院,山东菏泽274015

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2018年第2期225-232,共8页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAC06B01-01);国家自然科学基金项目(41371025)

摘　　要：为了解释光伏设施干扰下沙质地表侵蚀堆积的动力机制,在库布齐沙漠110MW光伏电站选取2个断面,利用MetOne 014A/024A型自动风速仪,同步观测了光伏板前后不同位置20、50、100、200cm高度的1min平均风速,分析了光伏板干扰下流场格局变异及其与地表蚀积态势的关系。结果表明:(1)光伏设施强烈干扰流场格局,产生流场分异区:板下集流加速区、板前板后遇阻减速区、板面抬升区和板间恢复区,但光伏基地上风向边缘区域与腹地的流场分布格局存在显著差异;(2)空间流场特征区发育程度所指示的动力分布与地面侵蚀堆积态势基本对应;(3)植被可有效增大地面粗糙度,降低0~50cm近地表过境风速,减缓地表蚀积过程的发生与加剧;(4)光伏板下的集流加速和板前板后的反向涡旋,是塑造地表风蚀沟(坑)及积沙带发育的主要动力。In order to explain the dynamic mechanism of sand erosion and accumulation of sandy surface un- der the interference of photovoltaic facilities, two cross sections were set in the 110 MW photovoltaic Plant located in the Hopq Desert. MetOne 014A/024A 8 channel anemometer （with CR200X data collection instru- ment） were used, and the average wind speed of four heights （20 cm, 50 cm, 100 cm, 200 cm） around the photovoltaic panel were observed simultaneously. The variations of wind velocity around the photovoltaic panel were analysed. Results showed that： （1） The photovoltaic facilities resulted in the variations of flow field on both sides of the photovoltaic panels and generated four secondary flow field zones, namely, the con- flux accelerating speed-up zone under the panels, the resistance decelerating zone in front and back of the panels, the uplift zone above the panels and the recovery area between the plates; Moreover, there were significant differences in the flow field pattern between the upwind edge region and the area within the pho- tovoltaic plants. （2） The dynamical distribution indicated by develop degree of the flow field pattern was i- dentical with the surface erosion and accumulation situation basically. （3）Vegetation can increase the sur- face roughness effectively, and reduce the transit speed below 50 cm near surface, and prevent the occur- rence and aggravation of the sand erosion. （4） The conflux accelerating zone under the panels and the re- verse vortex around the panels were the main dynamic mechanisms of shaping wind erosion ditches （PITS） and sand accumulation belts, respectively.

关 键 词：光伏基地 次生风沙危害 风速廓线 流场格局分异 侵蚀堆积态势 

分 类 号：X169[环境科学与工程—环境科学]