汉语“的”字短语认知神经机制的ERP研究  

An ERP Study on Cognitive Neural Mechanisms of Chinese DE Phrases

作　　者：苏裴 江铭虎[1] 白晨[2] SU Pei;JIANG Minghu;BAI Chen(Lab of Computational Linguistics, School of Humanities, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;School of Foreign Language and Literature, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300000, China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学人文学院计算语言学实验室心理学与认知科学研究中心,北京100084 [2]天津大学外国语学院,天津300000

出　　处：《中文信息学报》2018年第1期9-17,共9页Journal of Chinese Information Processing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61433015);国家社会科学基金(14ZDB154;15ZDB017);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金(14YJC740104);清华大学自主科研项目(20161080056)

摘　　要：隐喻是我们日常生活中常见的语言现象,更是我们认知、理解、描述世界的重要方式。该文围绕汉语独有的隐喻形式,考察汉语NP+NP形式的"的"字短语隐喻的脑认知加工机制。通过有意义程度(plausibility)、熟悉度(familiarity)和比喻的程度(figurativeness)三个方面来对语料进行筛选和预处理。实验结果显示,隐喻组别激发了比本义组别更为明显的N400现象,统计分析结果显著,NP+NP"的"字短语句型中,隐喻和本义的认知有着不同的脑认知机制。本义的认知最容易,隐喻要比本义消耗更多认知资源,而假词消耗的认知资源最多。实验进一步说明,即使源域和靶域不同时出现,依旧可以激发大脑对隐喻的认知机制。Metaphors are general and pervasive in everyday language.It is also an important way for us to understand,and describe the world.This study focuses on the unique metaphorical form of Chinese,and examines the metaphors cognitive mechanism of the＂DE＂phrases of Chinese NP ＋ NP forms.The language data is sorted and pretreated through three aspects：plausibility,familiarity and figurativeness.The results show that the metaphorical expressions have evoked a significant negative N400 component compared with the literal expressions.While both metaphorical and literal expressions are ratex similarly as familiar and interpretable,the ERP results show that the conventional metaphors required a short burst of additional processing effort when compared with literal ones.And besides＂A is B＂form,the NP ＋ NP form of metaphor in Chinese can also evoke larger N400 effect.The experiment further shows that even if the source and target domain do not appear at the same time,it can still stimulate the brain＇s cognitive mechanism of metaphor.

关 键 词：隐喻 N400 认知 ERP 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]