《黄帝内经》“揣穴”的作用  

The Functions of “Fathoming” in Huangdi's Canon of Medicine

作　　者：王芳[1] 张贵锋[1] 刘耀岽[1] WANG Fang, ZHANG Gui-feng, LIU Yao-dong(Zhaoqing Medical College, Zhaoqing, Guangdong, China, 52600)

机构地区：[1]肇庆医学高等专科学校,广东肇庆526000

出　　处：《河南中医》2018年第2期192-194,共3页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：广东省中医药局基金项目(编号:20171294)

摘　　要："揣穴"的目的是探明穴位,寻找具有疼痛、酸楚、快感等感觉的穴位。通过"审切循扪按"有利于分辨经络的虚实情况,有利于医生辨病情、定疗法,有利于医生"治神""守机",有利于医生判断针刺浅深。"揣穴"可以减轻进针疼痛,若医者入针手法不娴熟导致患者疼痛,惊则气乱,不利于针刺调气。《黄帝内经》中要求针灸医生应具备"语徐而安静,手巧而心审谛"的素养;知晓"欲端以正,安以静,先知虚实,而行疾徐,左手执骨,右手循之"的持针之道;灵活运用"审切循扪按,视其寒温盛衰而调之""泻其有余,补其不足,阴阳平复"的治疗原则;进针手法娴熟近乎无痛,患者感觉"若行若按,如蚊虻止",做到以上这些,需要针灸医生注重左右手配合,尤其是押手对穴位的审、切、循、扪、按。The purpose of fathoming is to identify points especially those which can feel painful,sour and pleased sensations. ＂Thoroughly examining,message,following,touching and pressing＂are in favor of distinguishing the actual situation of the meridians and collaterals,beneficial for doctors to identify the disease and decide the proper therapy,pay full attention and ascertain pathogenesis in order to choose proper needling method,and judge the depth of the acupuncture. Fathoming can relieve needle insertion pain. If the doctor is not skilled in entering the needle,it causes the patient＇ s pain,and the shock leads to disorder,which is not conducive to the adjustment of qi. In Huangdi＇s Canon of Medicine,an acupuncture practitioner should have the cultivation of ＂slow speaking,being quiet,skillful hands and careful examination＂. He should know the needle insertion principle ＂that an acupuncture practitioner should take a correct,keep quiet,first understand the condition of the actual situation,then carry out reinforcing and reducing techniques,grasp the skeleton with left hand,follow and press points with right hand. ＂He should flexibly use the following treatment principles： ＂Thoroughly examining,message,following,touching and pressing,regulating qi according to cold,warm,excess or deficiency,draining excess and nourishing deficiency. ＂He should have skillful manipulation and makes the patient almost feels painless,as if nothing has happened during moving needles and driving qi on poinst like a mosquito in the skin. In order to meet the above standards,an acupuncture practitioner should pay attention to cooperation of left hand and right hand,and especially the pressing hand＇ s thoroughly examining,message,following,touching and pressing on points.

关 键 词：“揣穴” “治神” “守机” 《黄帝内经》 

分 类 号：R221[医药卫生—中医基础理论]