便携式山核桃高空拍打采摘机设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Portable Walnut High-altitude Pat-picking Machine

作　　者：曹成茂[1] 詹超[1] 孙燕[1] 李泽泽 吴问天 丁冉[1] CAO Chengmao ZHAN Chao SUN Yan LI Zeze WU Wentian DING Ran(College of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Chin)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学工学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2018年第3期130-137,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51475002)

摘　　要：为了解决我国山核桃高空采摘困难、提高采摘效率、降低采摘成本,根据山核桃果实与树枝分离力试验结果,设计了便携式山核桃仿人工高空拍打采摘装置。阐述了采摘机关键部件设计过程,并对采打机构进行了数学建模与计算,应用ADAMS对采打机构进行仿真,确定了拍打机构的机构与工作参数,为采摘机设计提供了依据。山核桃采摘试验结果表明:果实采净率具有显著性影响(P=0.05),果实采净率随拍打频率的增大而增大,频率在13.33 Hz时达到最大值,采净率为90.3%;对枝芽损伤较小,但拍打频率越大,对枝芽损伤越明显,建议拍打频率采用10~13.33 Hz,此时平均采净率达到85.1%~90.3%,且对枝芽没有破坏性损伤。In order to solve the problem of high altitude picking difficulty,improve the picking efficiency and reduce the cost of picking,according to the test results of the separation of pecan fruit and tree branches,a portable pecan artificial high-altitude pat-picking device was designed. The key parts of the picking machine were mainly introduced,the establishment and calculation of the mathematical model were carried out for the mining mechanism,ADAMS was used to simulate for mining mechanism,the mechanism and working parameters of the mining mechanism were determined,which provided the basis for the design of picking machine,and the prototypes were made. Pecan picking experiment was carried out,the results indicated that the net rate of fruit picking had a significant effect at P = 0. 05,the net rate of fruit picking was increased gradually with the frequency of slapping,when slapping frequency peaked at 13. 33 Hz,the net rate of fruit picking was 90. 3%,which had less bud damage,but the faster the flapping frequency was,the more obvious the damage was to the bud,therefore,the average net rate would reach 85. 1% ~ 90. 3% when flapping frequency was recommended to be 10 ~ 13. 33 Hz,and no destructive damage to bud.

关 键 词：山核桃 机械采摘 便携式 高空拍打 

分 类 号：S225.93[农业科学—农业机械化工程]