论史书撰写艺术中的自注法——以《史记》为中心  

Research on Self-annotation in History Books: A Case Study of Shi Ji

作　　者：刘彦青[1] LIU Yan-qing(School of Chinese Language and Literature, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi＇ an 710119, Shaanx)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学文学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第2期68-77,共10页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"中外<史记>文学研究资料整理与研究"(13&ZD111);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2016CBZ014)

摘　　要：自注法是中国史学著作中一种独特的注释方法,在现存史书中自注与正文不加区分。自注产生的时间较早,在《左传》《战国策》等先秦典籍中即已存在。司马迁在撰写《史记》的过程中大量使用自注法。《史记》中的自注类型多样,包括原有材料本身的自注、司马迁对原材料的注解以及司马迁撰写新史料的自注。《史记》中的自注有的对正文意义进行解释、阐发与补充,有的表达一种是非评价与价值判断,还有的建立一种叙述结构,并且自注是《史记》全书达到"互见"的工具。从整部《史记》来看,《太史公自序》是全书的自注。《史记》中自注与正文融合在一起达到浑然一体的艺术境界,为后世史书撰写提供了成熟的范本。Self-annotation is a unique annotation method in Chinese historiography, which is not distinguished from the text in the existing history books. Since the early days of the injection,the pre-Qin classics such as ＂Zuo Zhuan＂and ＂Guo Yu＂have already existed. In the process of writing Shi Ji,Sima Qian had already used the method,There are various types of self-annotation in Shi Ji,which including the original material annotation,Sima Qian＇s annotations for the original materials,and Sima Qian＇s annotations when he was writing new historical materials. The self-annotation in Shi Ji established to explain the text meaning,interpreting and compleming,some express a kind of right and wrong evaluation and value judgment,or to establish a kind of narrative structure,or achieve the ＂mixed＂Shi Ji encyclopedia of tools. Judging from the whole book,Tai Shi Gong Zi Xu is the self-annotation of the book. The self-injection and the text fuse together to achieve the artistic state of the unity in Shi Ji,which provides a mature model for the writing of history books.

关 键 词：《史记》 自注法 注释类型 史书撰写 

分 类 号：K204.2[历史地理—历史学]