地温示踪地表暖化过程中的气候变化和城市热岛效应  

Research on the Recognization of the Impact of Climate Change and Urbanization on Surface Warming Using Subsurface Heat Tracer

作　　者：董林垚[1] 喻志强[1] 徐金鑫 DONG Linyao, YU Zhiqiang, XU Jinxin(Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan 430010, China)

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会长江科学院,武汉430010

出　　处：《热带地理》2018年第2期236-243,共8页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41501037)

摘　　要：对日本熊本平原城区和郊区28口观测井温度进行测量,利用一维非稳定水-热流运移方程解析解反演地表温度变化率,同时与研究区域7个气象站气温数据进行对比验证。结果表明:1987-2012年研究区域城区地表温度增加1.51°C,近地表气温增加1.13°C;郊区地表温度增加0.81°C,近地表气温增加0.59°C。研究区域气候变化和城市热岛效应对地表暖化过程的贡献率基本一致,通过对城区和郊区地温进行测量分析,能有效量化区分两者对地表暖化过程的影响。Greenhouse gas emissions and urbanization both contributes to the surface warming events, but in two different modes, and it has been difficult to separate these two influences. Subsurface heat is an effective implement to detect and separate these two effects. Subsurface temperature-depth profiles in 28 observation wells in urban and rural areas in Kumamoto plain, Japan, was observed to inversely detect the surface warming rate based on the analytical solution of one dimensional unsteady water-heat flow transport equation, and the air temperature in 7 meteorological stations was also analyzed for comparative purpose. The results show the following：（1）The estimated surface warming values range from 0.34 °C（well No. 23） to 1.91 °C（well No. 13）. The high surface temperature increase commonly occurs in the urban areas, whereas the low surface temperature increase mainly occurs in the rural areas. Only well No. 18 shows a relatively low surface temperature increase（0.78 °C）. It is located in the central part of Kumamoto city with an urban land use since 1965.（2）The average GST increase obtained from temperature-depth profiles in the expanded urban area is about 1.51°C, while the average increase estimated in the rural wells is about 0.81°C. It is highly probable that the urbanization effect contributes the same amount as climate change to surface warming in the study area, and the subsurface heat can serve as an effective tracer to detect this phenomenon;（3）The surface warming rates in SAT of M1–M3 range from 0.04 to 0.054 °C per year, while the rates in SAT of M4-M7 are about 0.025°C per year. The impacts of urbanization and climate change on SAT visible in the data. The meteorological stations M1-M3 lie in the expanded urban areas, and the surface warming rates were associated with both the urbanization and climate change issues. Stations M4-M7 are located in the rural areas, and the surface warming rates were caused only by the climate change. The surface warming rates obtained f

关 键 词：地温 气候变化 城市热岛效应 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]