环境相关浓度铅暴露诱导斑马鱼仔鱼神经行为毒性  

Neurobehavioral toxicity of zebrafish larvae caused by lead exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations

作　　者：张晴 张斌[2] 赵静 白建峰 尹大强[2] ZHANG Qing1 ZHANG Bin2 ZHAO Jing1 BAI Jianfeng1 YIN Daqiang2(1. WEEE Research Centre of Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling, Shanghai, 201209, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science ＆ Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, Chin)

机构地区：[1]上海第二工业大学电子废弃物研究中心上海电子废弃物资源化协同创新中心,上海201209 [2]同济大学环境科学与工程学院长江水环境教育部重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《环境化学》2018年第3期445-452,共8页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21507080;21577104);上海第二工业大学重点学科(XXKZD1602);上海第二工业大学研究生项目基金(EGD16YJ046)资助;Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21507080;21577104);the Key Subject of Shanghai Polytechnic University(XXKZD1602);the Graduate Program Fund of Shanghai Polytechnic University(EGD16YJ046)

摘　　要：铅是公认的神经毒物,它的神经毒性是全世界备受关注的重要公共健康问题,特别是发育早期阶段铅暴露与神经行为变化之间的关联.斑马鱼被认为是研究发育早期阶段低浓度铅暴露诱导神经行为毒性的优良模式生物.因此,本研究以斑马鱼胚胎/仔鱼为研究对象,利用Zebrabox建立的行为学效应测试方法,包括运动行为、转动行为和社交行为,系统评价发育早期阶段环境相关浓度(以电子废弃物拆解场地为例)铅暴露的神经行为毒性效应.发育正常的斑马鱼胚胎暴露在浓度为0、5、10、20μg·L^(-1)铅暴露液中直至6 dpf.铅暴露对斑马鱼胚胎/仔鱼具有发育毒性作用,包括孵化率和存活率下降,卵黄囊肿、心包囊肿和脊柱弯曲等畸形现象.在光照条件下,铅暴露对斑马鱼仔鱼的运行行为和转向行为并未产生显著影响;但是在黑暗条件下,20μg·L^(-1)铅暴露后斑马鱼仔鱼运动距离和总转向次数均显著下降,但是其行进路径角度和偏转偏好却无变化.与运动行为和转向行为不同,在黑暗条件下,铅暴露对斑马鱼仔鱼的社交行为并未产生显著影响;但在光照条件下20μg·L^(-1)铅暴露却显著改变了仔鱼的社交次数.本研究结果表明,行为学指标不仅具备足够的灵敏度可用于指示电子废弃物拆解场地铅污染的潜在风险,还能更好地服务于人类健康早期预警的需求.Lead（ Pb） is recognized as a neurological toxicant. Up to date,Pb neurotoxicity continues to be a major public health problem around the world,especially the link between early developmental Pb exposure and neurological alterations. Zebrafish is considered as a useful model for the identification of the association between early-life low-dose Pb exposure and neurological adverse outcomes. In this study zebrafish embryos/larvae were used as research object and the test methods of the behavioral effects including locomotor activity, rotation activity and social activity were established with Zebrabox,which can systematically evaluate the neurobehavioral toxicity of early-lifelow-dose Pb exposure（ referred from e-waste disposal sites）. The normal zebrafish embryos were selected and exposed to Pb at the concentrations of 0,5,10,20 μg·L^（-1） until 6 dpf. The developmental toxicity of zebrafish embryos/larvae was induced by Pb exposure,including the decline of hatching rates and survival rates,and the malformation of yolk-edema,pericardial edema and axial spinal curvature. Pb exposure had no significant impact on the locomotor activity and rotation activity of the zebrafish larvae during the light illumination period. However,in the dark conditions,the locomotor distance and the total rotation times of zebrafish larvae were decreased significantly after exposume to 20 μg·L^（-1） Pb,and the path angle and orientation preference did not change. Different from the locomotor activity and rotation activity,in the dark conditions,Pb exposure had no significant impact on the social activity of zebrafish larvae. However,the social activity especially the contact times of zebrafish larvae were changed significantly with 20 μg·L^（-1） Pb exposure. Our results suggest that the behavioral indicators are not only sensitive enough to evaluate the potential risk of Pb pollution at e-waste disposal sites,but can also be applied to establish novel early warning system for health risk assessment.

关 键 词：环境相关浓度 铅 运动行为 转向行为 社交行为 斑马鱼 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]