物理学中对偶性的本体论内涵及其意义  

The Ontological Connotation and Significance of Duality in Physics

作　　者：高策 乔笑斐 GAO Ce,QIAO Xiaofei(Institute for History of Science and Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 03000)

机构地区：[1]山西大学科学技术史研究所

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2018年第4期42-49,共8页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"当代量子论与新科学哲学的兴起"(项目编号:16ZDA113)

摘　　要：对偶性的概念在数学和物理学中普遍存在,但并未引起哲学家们足够的重视。直到弦论中几种新型对偶的发现,使得不同的弦论得以统一,引发了弦论的第二次革命。对偶性不光推动了数学和物理学的发展,也必将进一步推动科学哲学基本观念的变革。本文将首先对数学、物理中应用最为广泛的几种对偶性的内容及其含义给出说明;接着,在此基础上对对偶性的基本本体论内涵进行分析,阐明其与对称性和规范对称的区别和联系;最后对其哲学意义,特别是因对偶性而揭示的不同理论之间的关系进行了阐述。The concept of duality is prevalent in mathematics and physics, but philosophers have not paid enough attention to it. The discovery of several new kinds of duality makes different string theories unified, and leads to the second revolution of the string theory. Duality not only promotes the development of mathematics and physics, but it will also promote the transformation of the basic concepts of philosophy of science. This article first gives a brief description of the content and meaning of several kinds of duality in mathematics and physics; then, it analyzes the basic connotation of duality, clarifying the distinctions and contacts between duality, symmetry and gauge symmetry; Finally, it analyzes its philosophical significance, and the relationship of different theories revealed by duality.

关 键 词：对偶性 弦论 量子场论 非充分决定性 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]