深圳湾典型红树植物根表铁膜及其重金属富集特征  

Characteristics of Iron Plaque and Its Heavy Metal Enrichment in Typical Mangrove Plants in Shenzhen Bay,China

作　　者：沈小雪 李瑞利 柴民伟 邱国玉 SHEN Xiao-xue;LI Rui-li;CHAI Min-wei;QIU Guo-yu;(School of Environment and Energy,Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School)

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳研究生院,环境与能源学院,深圳518055

出　　处：《环境科学》2018年第4期1851-1860,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31400446); 深圳市科创委基础研究项目(JCYJ20160330095549229); 深圳市孔雀计划研究项目(KQJSCX20160226110414)

摘　　要：以深圳湾红树林湿地的5种典型红树植物为研究对象,调查了红树植物根表铁膜及其重金属富集特征.结果表明:(1)5种红树植物根表铁膜含量依次为:老鼠簕>桐花树>木榄>秋茄>银叶树,含量范围为0.37~10.81 g·kg^(-1).(2)根表铁膜对沉积物中重金属具有一定的富集作用,并且其因植物种类和重金属种类而异:重金属在老鼠簕根表铁膜中积累较高,银叶树中最低;铁膜中的重金属Mn含量为0.11~2.67 g·kg^(-1),Pb、Zn、Cu、As和Cr最高含量范围为117.44~189.69mg·kg^(-1),Cd、Ni、Co、Sb最高含量范围为34.84~63.34 mg·kg^(-1);铁膜中的Zn含量与其他重金属含量呈显著负相关(P<0.001),表明铁膜中Zn的积累可能与其它金属元素存在一定的竞争关系.(3)沉积物pH显著影响根表铁膜的含量及其对Mn的积累(P<0.05);沉积物含水量和盐度与铁膜中重金属Cr和Co含量呈正相关(P<0.05).(4)红树植物根表铁膜及其重金属含量的分布特征均为根尖>根中>根基.Based on the five typical mangrove species in the mangrove wetland of Shenzhen Bay,the contents and distributional characteristics of iron plaques（ Fe） and the Mn,Pb,Zn,Cu,As,Cr,Cd,Ni,Co,and Sb enrichment of the iron plaques on mangrove plant roots were investigated. The results show that：① There is a significant difference in the contents of iron plaques among the five mangrove species,and the contents in the species follow the order： Acanthus ilicifolius Aeagiceras corniculatum Bruguiera gymnorrhiza〉 Kandelia obovate〉 Heritiera littorlis; the content ranged from 0. 37 g·kg^-1 to 10. 81 g·kg^-1.② Iron plaques have a certain enrichment effect on the heavy metals in the sediments. The contents of heavy metals in the iron plaques vary with the plant species,being the highest in A. ilicifolius and the lowest in H. littorlis. This enrichment also varies with the element species： Mn content changed from 0. 11 g·kg^-1 to 2. 67 g·kg^-1; the highest contents of Pb,Zn,Cu,As,and Cr changed from 117. 44 mg·kg^-1 to189. 69 mg·kg^-1; and the highest contents of Cd,Ni,Co. and Sb changed from 34. 84 mg·kg^-1 to 63. 34 mg·kg^-1. The content of Zn in the iron plaque is negatively correlated with the other heavy metal contents（ P〈 0. 001）,indicating that Zn might compete with the other elements.③ Sediment pH significantly affects the content of iron plaque and the accumulation of Mn in the iron plaque（ P〈 0. 05）. The water content and salinity of the sediments are positively correlated with the contents of heavy metals Cr and Co in the iron plaque（ P〈 0. 05）.④ The distribution of iron plaques and their heavy metal contents in different parts of the roots of the mangrove plants follow the order： root tip root middle root base.

关 键 词：深圳湾 红树植物 沉积物 根表铁膜 重金属 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]