贸易自由化与中国制造业劳动力收入分配的演化  

On Evolution of Labor Income Distribution in Manufacturing Industry and Trade Liberalization in China

作　　者：兰宜生[1] 苏锦红[1] LAN YiSheng, SU JinHong(School of International Business Administration, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 20043)

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学国际工商管理学院,上海200433

出　　处：《国际商务（对外经济贸易大学学报）》2018年第2期15-27,共13页INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS

基　　金：上海财经大学研究生创新基金项目"中国制造企业全要素生产率与要素配置效率--基于微观企业数据的分析"(CXJJ-2013-350)

摘　　要：根据理论构建计量模型,实证分析了"贸易自由化"对劳动力收入份额和差距的影响,之后对两方面的实证结果进行对比分析。结果显示:(1)对全部企业的回归表明,加入WTO降低了中国制造业劳动力收入份额,而对出口企业而言,没有显著的降低或提升作用,而加入WTO扩大了出口企业的熟练劳动力与非熟练劳动力的收入差距,其对于全部企业而言,没有明确的效应,总之,贸易自由化对中国制造业劳动力收入分配具有消极效应。(2)出口企业劳动力收入份额低于非出口企业,其内部熟练劳动力与非熟练劳动力差距大大超过非出口企业。企业出口强度越大,劳动力收入份额降低得越多,其内部熟练劳动力与非熟练劳动力收入差距越大,因此,在出口企业内,要素收入分配向资本方倾斜。This paper focuses on trade liberalization, builds empirical econometric model to analyze the effect of trade liberalization on the share of labor income and gap by comparing the regression results. The results demonstrate that trade liberalization has a significant negative effect on the labor distribution,which reduced manufacturing labor share of income and expanded the income gap between the skilled labor and unskilled labor in China. Moreover, the labor share of income in export enterprises was less than that in non-exporters, and the income gap between skilled labor and unskilled labor working in export enterprise was significantly greater than that in non-exporters. Thus, in the exporting enterprises, capital income is heavily concentrated at the top of the income distribution in China.

关 键 词：贸易自由化 劳动力收入 熟练劳动力 非熟练劳动力 技能溢价 

分 类 号：F752[经济管理—国际贸易]