厌氧产表面活性剂微生物提高原油采收率的研究进展  

Advances in enhanced oil recovery by biosurfactant producing microorganisms under anaerobic conditions

作　　者：赵峰[1] 张颖[1] ZHAO Feng, ZHANG Ying(Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所污染生态与环境工程重点实验室

出　　处：《生物资源》2018年第2期101-106,共6页Biotic Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(31700117)

摘　　要：微生物强化采油（microbial enhanced oil recovery,MEOR）是近年来在国内外发展迅速的一项提高原油采收率技术。微生物在油藏中高效生产表面活性剂等驱油物质是微生物采油技术成功实施的关键之一。然而,油藏的缺/厌氧环境严重影响好氧表面活性剂产生菌在油藏原位的生存与代谢活性;油藏注空气会增加开采成本,且注入空气的作用时效和范围难以确定。因此,开发厌氧产表面活性剂菌种资源并强化其驱油效率对于提高原油采收率具有重要意义。本文综述了国内外近年来利用厌氧产表面活性剂微生物提高原油采收率的研究进展,简述了微生物厌氧产表面活性剂的相关驱油机理、菌种资源开发现状以及油藏原位驱油应用进展,并对当前的研究提出了一些思考。Microbial enhanced oil recovery（MEOR）is a rapidly developing enhanced oil recovery technology in recent years.Efficient in situ production of active metabolites such as biosurfactants in oil reservoirs by microorganisms is one of the keys to successful MEOR technology.Considering the anoxic or anaerobic conditions within subsurface oil reservoirs,the survival and metabolic activity of biosurfactant-producing bacteria are seriously affected.Air injection into oil reservoirs increases oil production cost,and the maintaining time,effect and extent of the injected air is difficult to determine.Developing microbial resources which can anaerobically produce biosurfactants and improve the oil displacement efficiency is of great importance for in situ production of biosurfactants in oil reservoirs to enhance oil recovery.In this paper,we review the research progress of using microorganisms to anaerobically produce biosurfactants to enhance oil recovery.We also briefly describe the oil displacement mechanism,microbial resource development status and oilfield in situ oil displacement application progress by microorganisms anaerobically producing biosurfactants.We also provide some suggestions towards further research on microorganisms anaerobically producing biosurfactants to enhance oil recovery.

关 键 词：微生物采油 厌氧 生物表面活性剂 菌种资源 基因工程 

分 类 号：Q939.97[生物学—微生物学]