微生物法处理电子废弃物拆解场地典型持久性有机污染物的研究进展  

Research Progresses of Microbiological Treatment to Typical Persistent Organic Pollutants Produced by Electronic Waste Disassembly Site

作　　者：张洁娜 王景伟 顾卫华 黄庆 李英顺 庄绪宁 赵静 张承龙 白建峰 ZHANG Jiena;WANG Jingwei;GU Weihua;HUANG Qing;LI Yingshun;ZHUANG Xuning;ZHAO Jing;ZHANG Chenglong;BAI Jianfeng(WEEE Research Center, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China;Shanghai New Golden Bridge Environmental Protection Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201201, China;Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling, Shanghai 201209, China)

机构地区：[1]上海第二工业大学电子废弃物研究中心,上海201209 [2]上海电子废弃物资源化协同创新中心,上海201209 [3]上海新金桥环保有限公司,上海201201

出　　处：《上海第二工业大学学报》2018年第1期10-15,共6页Journal of Shanghai Polytechnic University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21307080);上海市知识服务平台项目(ZF1224);上海第二工业大学校重点学科建设项目(XXKYS1602);上海第二工业大学研究生项目基金(EGD16YJS016)资助

摘　　要：随着电子产品的更新换代,电子产品陆续进入淘汰期。中国已是电子废弃物产生与处理大国,包括国外电子废弃物的投放以及进口的电子产品所产生的电子废弃物等,目前已有109家纳入正规"环保部基金补贴"的电子废弃物处理公司。在电子废弃物拆解过程中,尤其是在粗放式的电子废弃物拆解过程中,不规范处置将会造成电子废弃物污染问题,包括多环芳烃、邻苯二甲酸酯、多氯联苯、多溴联苯醚和多溴联苯等几种典型的持久性有机污染物(persistent organic pollutants,POPs),将释放进入土壤环境受体,具有长期残留性、生物蓄积性、半挥发性和高毒性。研究如何将土壤中现有的POPs进行高效处理,并使其转化为对环境无害的物质显得尤为重要,而微生物降解是消除土壤中POPs的环境友好方式。因此,综述了电子废弃物处理过程中释放的几种典型POPs高效降解菌株的培养、分离及应用现状,以期对电子废弃物周边POPs污染土壤的修复治理提供参考。With the upgrading of electronic products, electronic products have been phased out. China has been a major player in electronic waste production and disposal, which include the release of foreign electronic waste and the electronic waste from imported electronic products etc., and there are 109 formal electronic waste disposal companies which have been incorporated into the ＂Ministry of Environmental Protection Fund Subsidies＂. In the dismantling process of electronic waste, especially in the vulgar electronic waste dismantling process, improper disposal to electronic waste will lead to the contamination of electronic waste, including several typical persistent organic pollutants（POPs）, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phthalic acid esters, polychlorinated biphenyls polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and polybrominated biphenyls and so on. They will be released into the soil environmental receptors, which are long-term persistent, bioaccumulative, semi-volatile and highly toxic. It is particularly important for the environment to study how to disposal POPs in soil effectively and turn POPs into harmless substance. It is an environmentally friendly way for microbiological degradation to eliminate POPs in soil. The cultivation, isolation and application of highly effective degrading bacteria for several typical POPs in the process of electronic waste disposal are reviewed in order to provide a reference for the remediation and treatment of POPs in the vicinity of electronic waste.

关 键 词：电子废弃物 持久性有机污染物 微生物降解 研究进展 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]