数控火焰切割机的加工误差实时补偿  

Novel real-time compensation method for processing errors of computer numerical control flame cutting machines

作　　者：胡胜海[1] 张满慧[1] 周超 刘秀莲[1] HU Shenghai , ZHANG Manhui , ZHOU Chao , LIU Xiulian(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, Chin)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学机电工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《计算机集成制造系统》2018年第3期620-630,共11页Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51175099)~~

摘　　要：为提高数控火焰切割机的加工精度,提出一种能够在线修正加工误差的实时补偿方法,以改善工件的加工质量。根据火焰切割工艺特性和变换矩阵方法,建立了数控火焰切割机的加工误差综合预测模型,以实时确定不同切割状态下工件的位置和姿态加工误差。构造了加工误差的动态补偿策略,给出了基于输入运动规划原理的误差补偿系统及偏最小二乘误差补偿算法,指出了实时补偿方法的具现化方式。在自主研发的数控火焰切割机中进行了数值仿真分析以及与示教加工方法的对比试验,结果表明,实时补偿方法对原有加工过程无较大干扰,能够将工件的加工质量提高40%左右,从而验证了该方法对提高数控火焰切割机加工精度的有效性和可实现性。To improve the cutting accuracy of Computer Numerical Control（CNC）flame cutting machines,a novel real-time compensation method was proposed to modify the processing errors of machine tools on-line and enhance the processing quality of workpiece.Based on the flame cutting characteristics and transformation matrix method,the synthesized prediction models of processing errors were established,which could obtain the position and orientation deviations of workpiece under different cutting states in real-time.The dynamic compensation strategy for processing error was constructed,and the error compensation system based on input motion planning principle as well as the partial least squares compensation algorithm were developed respectively.Moreover,the physical implementation way for real-time compensation method was figures out.The simulation analysis on a self-designed CNC flame cutting machine and the comparison experiments with the teaching method were conducted,and the obtained results indicated that the proposed method had little disturbance with original cutting process,and the overall processing quality of the workpiece could be enhanced 40% approximately.The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method on improving the processing precision of CNC flame cutting machine were also proved.

关 键 词：数控机床 火焰切割 误差建模 误差补偿 

分 类 号：TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]