低碳供应链与高碳供应链之间的竞争契约均衡选择策略  

Equilibrium contracts strategies of low carbon supply chain and high carbon supply chain

作　　者：张李浩[1] 张广雯 张荣[1] ZHANG Lihao , ZHANG Guangwen , ZHANG Rong(Logistics Research Center, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, Chin)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学物流研究中心,上海201306

出　　处：《计算机集成制造系统》2018年第3期763-771,共9页Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71601114;71431004)~~

摘　　要：为了研究在市场上存在竞争的情况下,高低碳供应链的低碳技术以及契约协调策略的决策问题。以一条高碳供应链(供应链1)和一条低碳供应链(供应链2)组成的竞争分散型供应链(每条供应链均包含一个制造商和一个零售商)为研究对象,基于链上成员采用批发价格契约(W)和二部定价契约(T),分别构建了两条供应链均采用W、均采用T、供应链1采用W而供应链2采用T、供应链1采用T而供应链2采用W四种收益模型,求解出相应的批发价、零售价及各成员的期望收益并探讨链上成员的契约均衡选择策略。研究表明,当固定费用在一定范围内时,均衡策略为高碳供应链则采用W,为低碳供应链则采用T;反之,当均衡决策为两条供应链时均采用W。由于存在竞争,高碳供应链无法通过二部定价契约协调供应链,而低碳供应链可以通过调节固定费用达到帕累托改进,并且随着减排水平的提高,低碳供应链将越容易达到Pareto改进。To discuss the contracting decisions for low-and high-carbon supply chains competitively in the market,by taking a decentralized competitive supply chain composed of a high-carbon supply chain（supply chain 1）and a lowcarbon supply chain（supply chain 2）as the research object（each supply chain consisted of one manufacturer and one retailer）,according to the members of supply chain,the wholesale price contract（W）and two-part tariffs（T）were adopted to construct the players＇profit models under four scenarios：both of two supply chains took W,both of two supply chains took T,the supply chain 1 took W and the supply chain 2 took T,the supply chain 1 took T and the supply chain 2 took W.The corresponding wholesale price,retail price and the expected profit of supply chain members were calculated,besides the balance contracting strategy for supply chain was discussed.The study showed that when the fixed cost was adjusted within a certain range,two supply chain equilibrium strategies used W for the high carbon supply chain and T for the low carbon supply chain;otherwise the equilibrium decision all used W for two supply chains.Owing to the competition factors,high-carbon supply chain could not coordinate supply chains through two-part tariffs,while low-carbon supply chain could achieve Pareto improvement through adjustment of fixed costs,and the option of implementation for Pareto improvement would become easier as the level of carbon emission decreased.

关 键 词：竞争供应链 碳减排成本 消费者低碳偏好 供应链契约 协调 

分 类 号：F272.3[经济管理—企业管理]