粤北星子河水生生物体内重金属污染特征及健康风险  

Contamination Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Aquatic Species from Xingzi River of Northern Regions,Guangdong Province

作　　者：马鹏程 陈棉彪[2,3] 黄楚珊 胡国成[2,3] 李良忠 王钰钰[2,3] 彭晓武 柳晓琳[1] 张丽娟 Ma Pengcheng;Chen Mianbiao;Huang Chushan;Hu Guocheng;Li Liangzhong;Wang Yuyu;Peng Xiaowu;Liu Xiaolin;Zhang Lijuan(Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China;Center for Environmental Health Research, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510535, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, Guangzhou 510535, China)

机构地区：[1]锦州医科大学,锦州121000 [2]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所环境健康研究中心,广州510535 [3]国家环境保护环境污染健康风险评价重点实验室,广州510535

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2018年第1期241-250,共10页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家环保公益性行业科研专项(201309049);广东省自然科学基金(2015A030313790;2015A030313863)

摘　　要：本文分析了粤北星子河12种水生生物样品中Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Ni和Zn等6种金属元素的含量水平。利用综合污染指数法和目标危害系数法对水生生物中重金属的污染特征及其健康风险进行评价。结果表明:不同水生生物对重金属的富集程度存在明显差异,重金属的含量水平从低到高顺序依次为:Cd<Ni<Pb<Cr<Cu<Zn;鱼类富集重金属明显低于贝类。在贝类样品中,Cr、Pb和Zn的含量均出现超标现象。鱼类重金属综合污染指数低于1,属于微污染;而田螺重金属综合污染指数大于1,属于轻度污染水平。不同鱼类中重金属的复合健康危害系数(TTHQ)均小于1,且每周评估摄入量(EDI)均远低于暂定每周允许摄入量(PTWI),居民通过鱼类摄入重金属的健康风险较低;田螺中重金属对人的复合健康危害系数大于1,长期食用田螺存在较高的健康风险,风险较高的重金属元素为Cr、Pb和Zn。The concentrations of 6 kinds of heavy metals, including Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn, were detected inthe muscles of twelve aquatic species from northern Guangdong Province. Their contamination characteristics and health risk were assessed using comprehensive pollution index and target hazard quotient（ THQ）. The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals varied in different aquatic species, and the concentration in increasing order was Cd〈Ni〈Pb〈Cr 〈Cu 〈Zn. All the heavy metals had higher concentrations in Bellamya quadrata and Unionidae than those in fish, and the concentrations of Cr, Pb and Zn in Bellamya quadrata exceeded national food safety limits. The comprehensive pollution index indicated that Bellamya quadrata was seriously polluted, while fish showed no evidence of appreciable pollution. The TTHQ values of heavy metals for fish consumption were less than 1 and the estimated weekly intake（EWI） were lower than the provisional tolerable weekly intake（PTWI）,indicating that consumption of fish species would not pose a risk to humans. However, the Bellamya quadrata consumption posed health risk to human, due to the high TTHQ values of combined heavy metals, and attention should be paid especially to the risk of Cr, Pb, and Zn.

关 键 词：重金属 水生生物 污染特征 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]