PLA／淀粉增容增塑的研究进展  

Recent Development in Compatibilization and Palsticization of PLA/Starch Blends

作　　者：陈文婷 李俊成 赵西坡 彭少贤[1,2] CHEN Wenting;LI Juneheng;ZHAO Xipo;PENG Shaoxian(Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-Weight Materials and Processing, Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学材料与化学工程学院,绿色轻工材料湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430068 [2]湖北工业大学绿色轻质材料与加工协同创新中心,湖北武汉430068

出　　处：《塑料》2018年第2期84-88,92,共6页Plastics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51273060);绿色轻工材料湖北省重点实验室开放基金(201611804).

摘　　要：聚乳酸(PLA)/淀粉复合材料是一种新型的绿色材料,生物降解性能优良,但是聚乳酸(PLA)/淀粉复合材料的力学性能较差,文章通过在共混体系中引入小分子增塑剂或大分子增塑剂以及通过发生酯化反应,使其分别具有外增塑和内增塑PLA/淀粉复合材料的作用,一步法反应增容不仅降低了淀粉结晶度,而且在界面处形成"架桥";两步法接枝形成与淀粉或PLA具有相同结构的共聚物PLA/淀粉复合材料,改善了复合材料的相容性。增容增塑聚乳酸(PLA)/淀粉复合材料能够提高复合材料的界面作用强度,降低PLA的脆性,改善淀粉的流动性能,极大地提高了复合材料的力学强度,并进一步总结了增容增塑改善PLA/淀粉复合材料界面作用的机理。Polylactic acid （PLA）/starch composite is a new green material and biodegradability. However, mechanical properties of PLA/starch composite are poor. This article reviews some ways to external-plasticize by small molecule plasticizer or macromolccule plasticizer and inner-plasticize by esterification reaction PLA/starch. One-step method increases capacity reactively, which can not only reduce the crystallization of starch, but also establish the bridge at interface; two-step improves the compatibility of composite by blending copolymer. The increase of capacity and plasticization can enhance interface strength, reduce the brittleness of PLA , improve the process flowing property and mechanical properties. The mechanisms about increasing the interfacial compatibility of PLA/starch composite are summarized.

关 键 词：聚乳酸 淀粉 生物降解性 相容性 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ320[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]