机动车排放空间分配模型评估及应用  

Application of Spatial Allocation Models to Management of Vehicle Emissions

作　　者：郭津津[1,2] 樊守彬[1,3] 平萍[1,3] 孙改红 GUO Jinjin;FAN Shoubin;PING Ping;SUN Gaihong(Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China;College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China;National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing 100037, China)

机构地区：[1]北京市环境保护科学研究院,北京100037 [2]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048 [3]国家城市环境污染控制工程技术研究中心,北京100037

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2018年第3期181-185,共5页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：北京市优秀人才培养资助项目(2015000021733G173);国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAC17B03)

摘　　要：污染源排放清单及时空分布特征对大气污染管理至关重要,受数据采集量较大等因素的影响,应用自下而上的方法基于实际交通流信息计算机动车排放清单及分析空间分布特征具有一定困难,因此开展机动车自上而下的排放清单并进行空间分配模型及评估研究。该研究以北京城区为例,应用4种机动车排放的分配模型进行空间分布模拟,基于Hellinger距离参数对模拟数据和参考数据进行对比分析,对机动车排放的空间分配精度进行评估。结果表明:依据城市化面积比例、人口密度、主干路密度和城市化面积比例与主干道密度相结合的空间分配模型的模拟结果与参考数据之间的Hellinger距离分别为0.25、0.23、0.18和0.16,依据主干路密度的分配模型空间分配精度相对较高。The emission inventory of air pollution sources and pollution distribution spatio-temporal characteristics are the key issues to air pollution management. Restricted by factors such as the large data collection amount, the bottom-up method can hardly be applied to working up vehicular emission inventories and analyzing spatial distribution characteristics according to the actual traffic flow information. This paper intended to work out the top-down spatial allocation models of vehicle emissions, for which four allocation models were used to simulate spatial distribution of vehicle emissions in Beijing＇s urban area;the simulation data and reference data were compared and analyzed based on the Hellinger distance parameters; and the accuracy of the spatial distribution of vehicle emissions was evaluated. The simulation study showed that the Hellinger distance between the reference data and the results of the simulation by use of spatial allocation models according to urbanized area, population density, the arterial roads density, and the urbanized area ratio combined with arterial roads density were 0.25, 0.23,0.18 and 0.16, respectively. In conclusion, the allocation model based on arterial road network density had a relatively higher accuracy of the spatial distribution of vehicle emissions.

关 键 词：机动车排放 自上而下排放清单 空间分配模型 空间精度 北京市 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]