贵州省少数民族集中地区儿童地中海贫血筛查  

Screening of Thalassemia among Children in Ethnic Minority Areas of Guizhou Province

作　　者：廖丽丽 金皎[1] 黄璟[1] 吴莎莎[1] LIAO Lili;JIN Jiao;HUANG Jing;WU Shasha(Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, Chin)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《贵州医科大学学报》2018年第4期470-474,共5页Journal of Guizhou Medical University

基　　金：贵阳市科技局创新团队基金(GY2015-17;GY2016-21)

摘　　要：目的:应用血常规及血红蛋白(Hb)电泳检测,了解贵州省少数民族集中地区儿童地中海贫血(简称地贫)患病情况。方法:选取贵州省部分少数民族集中地区县、市医院就诊的166例0~13岁小细胞性贫血儿童,进行血常规及Hb电泳检查,根据结果分析地贫的检出率及分型情况,并比较各型地贫HbA和HbA_2值、红细胞(RBC)计数、Hb含量、MCV及MCH值。结果:166名贫血患儿中检出地贫有71例(42.8%),其中α地贫25例(35.2%),β地贫42例(59.2%),αβ复合型地贫4例(5.6%);α地贫患儿的HbA值、HbA_2值均低于非地贫患儿(P<0.05),β地贫患儿HbA值低于非地贫患儿、HbA_2值高于非地贫患儿(P<0.05);在地贫患儿中,Hb含量、MCV及MCH均较正常值低,重型β地贫患儿Hb含量较αβ复合型地贫患儿低(P<0.05),Hb H病RBC计数和Hb含量均低于轻型α地贫患儿(P<0.05);不同地贫分型患儿的平均就诊年龄不同,就诊年龄最最小的为中、重型β地贫患儿。结论:贵州省少数民族集中地区儿童地贫的检出率较高,需加强筛查力度,在无法行基因检测的县、市医院可大力推广血常规检查联合血红蛋白电泳检测筛查。Objective： The application of blood routine and hemoglobin electrophoresis to understand the prevalence of thalassaemia among children in ethnic minority areas of Guizhou province. Methods：The blood routine and hemoglobin electrophoresis were performed for 166 patients aged 0-13 years old with small cell anemia at the county and city hospitals in selected ethnic minority areas of Guizhou province,the detection rate and classification of thalassaemia and the results of HbA,HbA2 values in hemoglobin electrophoresis and Hb,MCV and MCH values in blood routine were analyzed. Results：There were 71 cases of thalassemia（ 42. 8%） detected in 166 children with anemia,and 25 cases of αthalassemia,42 cases of β thalassemia,4 cases of αβ complex thalassemia among them; The HbA and HbA2 values of children with α thalassemia were lower than those of negative ones（ P〈0. 05）; The HbA values of children with β thalassemia were lower than those of negative ones（ P〈0. 05）,and βthalassemia had higher HbA2 values than negative ones（ P〈0. 05）; In the children with thalassemia,Hb,MCV and MCH values were lower than normal respectively; The Hb values of β thalassemia major were lower than those of αβ complex thalassemia（ P〈0. 05）; The average age of treatment for children with different thalassemia was different,with the lowest in the patients with β thalassemia intermediate and β thalassemia major. Conclusions： The detection rate of thalassaemia among children in ethnic minority areas of Guizhou province is high,we need to strengthen screening. In the preliminary screening of thalassemia,blood routine combined with hemoglobin electrophoresis can be vigorously promoted in counties and city hospitals that are unable to perform genetic testing.

关 键 词：贵州 少数民族 地中海贫血 血红蛋白电泳 平均红细胞体积 平均红细胞血红蛋白量 

分 类 号：R725.5[医药卫生—儿科]