案例教学方法在八年制临床医学专业眼科学教学中的应用效果分析  

Practice and effect analysis of case-based learning for ophthalmology teaching in eight-year program medical students

作　　者：敖明昕[1] 王薇[1] 李学民[1] 冯学峰[1] 齐虹[1] 邱伟强[1] 侯志强[1] 孟璐[1] Ao Mingxin;Wang Wei;Li Xuemin;Feng Xuefeng;Qi Hong;Qiu Weiqiang;Hou Zhiqiang;Meng Lu(Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院眼科,100191

出　　处：《中华医学教育杂志》2018年第2期242-245,268,共5页Chinese Journal of Medical Education

摘　　要：目的分析案例教学方法（case-based learning，CBL）在八年制临床医学专业学生本科教育阶段眼科学教学中的应用效果，探讨教学实践中的问题并提出改进措施。方法通过编制针对案例教学效果的5分量表问卷,对2016年在北京大学第三医院接受眼科学案例教学的2012级八年制临床医学专业46名学生进行问卷调查。结果46名学生对案例教学方法的总体满意度、理论知识掌握程度、提炼病例信息能力、分析实际临床问题能力及对典型病例的诊断能力的评分分别为：（4.2±0.8）分、（4.1±0.9）分、（4.3±0.8）分、（4.2±0.9）分和（4.0±1.1）分，显示案例教学方法总体教学效果及在培养临床思维方面的作用得到认可；课堂讨论积极性、发言参与程度、自学能力培养、查阅文献能力培养和团队学习能力评分分别为：（3.9±1.1）分、（3.7±1.0）分、（3.6±1.0）分、（3.3±1.2）分和（3.7±1.2）分，提示学生主动参与课堂讨论和自主学习能力培养情况尚不够理想。结论案例教学方法应用于八年制临床医学专业眼科学教学中，对培养学生临床思维具有重要意义；教师需要在课堂教学中发挥启发与引导作用，促进学生积极参与课堂讨论并培养其自主学习的能力。To investigate the efficiency and existing problems of case-based learning approach for ophthalmology course in eight-year program medical students.MethodsCase-based learning was used in 46 students of grade 2012 who studied ophthalmology course in Peking University Third Hospital in 2016. Later a questionnaire with 5-score questions was applied to evaluate the efficiency of case-based learning and to detect the existing problems.ResultsForty-six students responded to the investigation, with a response rate of 100.0%. The general effectiveness and facilitation in clinical thoughts training was affirmed, with scores of （4.2±0.8）, （4.1±0.9）, （4.3±0.8）, （4.2±0.9） and （4.0±1.1） in the items of overall satisfaction, acquisition of theoretical knowledge, ability to extract case information, ability to analyze clinical problems and diagnosis of typical cases, respectively. However, the activity of students and self-learning ability training was not satisfying, with scores of （3.9±1.1）, （3.7±1.0）, （3.6±1.0）, （3.3±1.2） and （3.7±1.2） in the items of motivation in presentation, participation in class discussion, active study, ability in literature search and team learning efficiency, respectively.ConclusionsCase-based learning was of practical value in clinical thoughts training in the ophthalmology course. Instructors should pay more attention to motivation of learning initiatives in students and the training of self-learning ability.

关 键 词：案例教学方法 八年制医学生 眼科学 教学效果 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学] R-4[文化科学—教育学]