中药饮片中黄曲霉毒素的污染分布与预防措施  

Contamination distribution and control measures of aflatoxins in Chinese herbal pieces

作　　者：张成[1,2] 豆小文 张磊[2] 孔维军 赵明[1] 欧阳臻[1] 杨美华[2] ZHANG Cheng;DOU Xiao-wen;ZHANG Lei;KONG Wei-jun;ZHAO Ming;OUYANG Zhen;YANG Mei-hua(School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学药学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所中草药物质基础与资源利用教育部重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2018年第4期665-671,共7页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFE0112900);国家中药标准化项目(ZYBZH-Y-JIN-34);中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程经费项目(2016-I2M-1-012,2017-I2M-1-013)

摘　　要：中药作为中国传统医学的重要组成部分，以其疗效独特、不良反应少、来源丰富等特点受到世界的青睐，然而，近年来国内外经常发生中药饮片黄曲霉毒素超标的事件，严重影响了中药的名誉和信誉。该文剖析了中药中黄曲霉毒素污染现状，并归纳了中药黄曲霉毒素污染的内外因素；鉴于黄曲霉毒素的极强毒性，建议加强从中药材种植初期到贮藏期间的霉变防控，并与合理的脱毒模式相结合。以期为保障中药临床用药安全，降低黄曲霉毒素中毒风险提供参考。As an important part of traditional medicine in China, traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） plays a significant role be- cause of its unique medical efficiency, less adverse reactions and extensive resources. However, in recent years, the aflatoxins in me- dicinal herbs have been detected excessive both at home and abroad, seriously affecting the： reputation and credibility of traditional Chi- nese medicine. In this paper, the current status of aflatoxins contamination in medicinal herbs was analyzed, and the internal and ex- ternal factors of aflatoxins contamination in traditional Chinese medicine were also summarized. In view of the high toxicity of aflatox- ins, it is proposed to strengthen the mildew prevention and control from the early planting to storage stage ; and the reasonable detoxifi- cation mode should also be considered. This review aims to provide a reference in guaranteeing the clinical safe administration of me- dicinal herbs and reducing the risk of being poisoned by aflatoxins.

关 键 词：中药饮片 黄曲霉毒素 预防措施 污染分布 影响因素 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]