鹅耳枥属部分植物花粉形态扫描电镜观察  

Observation of pollen morphologies in some species of Carpinus by SEM

作　　者：周琦[1,2] 丁志彬[1,2] 王丽萍[1,2] 祝遵凌 ZHOU Qi;DING Zhibing;WANG Liping;ZHU Zunling(Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China;College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University;College of Arts ＆ Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037 [2]南京林业大学风景园林学院,江苏南京210037 [3]南京林业大学艺术设计学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2018年第3期75-81,共7页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：江苏省工程技术研究中心建设项目(BM2013478);南京林业大学优秀博士学位论文创新基金项目;江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2012345);江苏省六大人才高峰项目(NY-029);江苏省"青蓝工程"资助项目(2012)

摘　　要：为了明确鹅耳枥属部分植物的花粉形态特征,验证花粉形态在鹅耳枥属植物种间鉴定应用中的可行性,从而为该属植物的分类鉴定、遗传变异及系统演化等方面的研究提供科学依据,采用扫描电镜技术(SEM)对7种鹅耳枥属的植物花粉形态进行了研究与分析。结果表明:7种鹅耳枥属植物花粉为单粒花粉,等极,近球形;花粉的极面观为近圆状,赤道面观为椭圆状;几种鹅耳枥的极轴长和赤道轴长差异显著,极轴长度为22.600~30.884μm,赤道轴长度为21.269~30.001μm,"帚状"欧洲鹅耳枥为花粉体积相对最大的种,而鹅耳枥为花粉体积相对最小的种;7个树种的花粉萌发孔形状为椭圆形,孔长为1.494~2.002μm,孔宽为1.146~1.618μm,不同种之间差异显著;萌发孔排列在赤道上,花粉表面纹饰较为相似,呈皱波状,但不同种之间表面突起和颗粒分布存在差别;研究发现鹅耳枥属植物属于较为进化的植物类群。In order to describe the morphological characteristics of Carpinus pollen in detail,and use pollen to verify the feasibility of plant recognition and identification,so as to provide some scientific theory basis for the study of classification identification,genetic variation and system evolution of the plants.Pollen morphology of seven Carpinus species were observed by using scanning electron microscope（SEM）technology.The results indicated that：the pollen in seven Carpinus species were single grain,isopolar,nearly spherical;the polar view was nearly round,and the equatorial view was oval.The difference of the length of polar axis and equatorial axis between different trees was extremely significant.The length of polar axis equatorial axis was 22.600-30.884 μm,and the length of equatorial axis was 21.269-30.001 μm.The volume of C.betulus ＇Fastigiata＇ pollen was relatively the largest,and the volume of C.turczaninowii pollen was relatively the smallest.The germinal apertures of seven species pollens were elliptical and arranged on the equators.The length of the aperture was 1.494-2.002 μm,and the width of the aperture was 1.146-1.618 μm,the difference between the trees was also significant.The ornamentation on the surface of the pollens was similar with wrinkle-like ornamentation,but the surface protrusions and particle distribution were different in the species.The study found that Carpinus belongs to more evolved plant groups.

关 键 词：鹅耳枥属 花粉 扫描电镜 形态特征 

分 类 号：S753.5[农业科学—森林经理学]