安徽省困境儿童分类保障制度现状和未来设计  

Current Situation and Future Design of Classified Guarantee System for Vulnerable Children in Anhui Province

作　　者：刘玲[1] LIU Ling(School of History and Sociology, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学历史与社会学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第2期94-100,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University:SOC.SCI.

基　　金：教育部重大课题攻关项目"中国适度普惠型社会福利理论和制度构建研究"(10JZD0033);安徽省高校人文社会科学研究重点项目"安徽省困境儿童福利治理模式研究"(SK2015A358)

摘　　要：安徽困境儿童分类保障制度主要由政府向孤儿等困境儿童提供生活、医疗和教育保障,存在保障对象狭窄、责任主体有限、内容层次低且项目单一的问题。未来的保障制度设计应将保障理念从小福利转变为大福利,秉持适度普惠、多元治理、需要为本、预防发展的原则,将保障对象扩大至因家庭保障功能折损的儿童,建构多元供给主体的良性互动机制,基于需要开发组合保障项目包裹,划分困境儿童的困境等级以为困境儿童及其家庭提供相对应的支持性、补充性和替代性服务。为实现上述设计,需要政策、财政、长效服务机制和人才建设方面的支持。In current classified guarantee system for vulnerable children, government provides vulnerable children like orphans with living, medical and education guarantees, but guarantee objects are insufficient in its coverage, guarantee subjects limited in its scope, and guarantee contents on a low level and unitary in form. Therefore, in future design of the guarantee system, the ＂small welfare＂ concept should be changed into a ＂big welfare＂ one. And by adhering to the principles of universal benefiting, multiple governing, requirement first, and preventing and developing, government should expand guarantee objects to the children who have lost family guarantee totally or on some degree, construct a positive interactive mechanism of multiple supply subjects, develop a combination of guarantee programs as required, and classify vulnerable children so as to provide them with corresponding supportive, supplementary and alternative services. To realize this kind of design, it is necessary to provide more support in policy, finance, long-acting service mechanism and talent construction.

关 键 词：困境儿童 分类保障 保障对象 保障责任主体 保障内容 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理]