四川小麦品种籽粒硬度和穗发芽抗性相关基因的分子标记鉴定  

Identification of Grain Hardness and Resistance to Pre-harvest Sprouting in Sichuan Wheat Cultivars with Molecular Markers

作　　者：李式昭[1] 郑建敏[1] 伍玲[1] 李俊[1] 万洪深[1] 杨漫宇[1] 罗江陶[1] 刘廷辉[2] 杨开俊[2] 蒲宗君[1] LI Shi-zhao;ZHENG Jian-min;WU Ling;LI Jun;WAN Hong-shen;YANG Man-yu;LUO Jiang-tao;LIU Ting-hui;YANG Kai-jun;PU Zong-jun(Crop Research Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Chengdu 610066 , China;Agricultural Sciences Research Institute of Ganzi District, Sichuan Kangding 626000 , China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院作物研究所/农业部西南地区小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,四川成都610066 [2]四川省甘孜州农科所,四川康定626000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2018年第4期641-645,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省青年科技创新研究团队(2014TD0014);国家重点研发计划"西南麦区强优势小麦杂交种创制与应用"(2016YFD0101602);四川省财政基因工程专项资金(优秀论文基金);四川省农作物育种攻关项目;四川省农业科学院中试熟化项目"弱筋小麦川麦66规模化种植示范"(CGZH2017CD32);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31671683)

摘　　要：【目的】鉴定四川小麦品种籽粒硬度和穗发芽抗性相关基因的组成,可为四川小麦的品质改良提供理论依据。【方法】利用2个籽粒硬度和1个穗发芽抗性等位基因分子标记,对105份2000年后育成的四川小麦品种进行上述基因的检测。【结果】本研究表明:(1)针对籽粒硬度,含有Pinb-D1b基因(Pinb突变)的品种有11份,频率为10.5%,非Pinb-D1b等位基因类型则占到89.5%。(2)针对穗发芽抗性,含Vp-1Bc(抗穗发芽)的品种有88份,频率为83.8%;含Vp-1Ba(感穗发芽)的品种有17份,频率为16.2%;未能扩增出含Vp-1Bb(抗穗发芽)的品种。(3)聚合2项优质基因(Pinb-D1b和Vp-1Bc),品质优良的品种有11份,频率为10.5%。【结论】利用这些含有优异基因资源的品种,在四川小麦品质育种中逐步导入上述优质基因,是综合提高四川小麦品质的有效途径。【Objective】In order to accelerate the progress for the improvement of quality breeding,the present study was used to characterize the allelic variations of genes which related grain hardness and resistance to pre-harvest sprouting（PHS） in Sichuan wheat cultivars.【Method】With 2 molecular markers of grain hardness,1 functional markers of resistance to PHS,105 Sichuan wheat cultivars which released since 2000 were detected.【Result】The results showed that：（i） For grain hardness,11 cultivars contained Pinb-D1b（Pinb mutation）,with a frequency of 10.5 %; non-Pinb-D1 b was detected in 94 cultivars,with a frequency of 89.5 %.（ii） For the resistance to PHS,88 cultivars had allele Vp-1Bc（resistance to PHS）,with a frequency of 83.8 %; 17 carried Vp-1Ba（susceptible to PHS）,with a frequency of 16.2%.Vp-1Bb（resistance to PHS） was not detected in the varieties.（iii） 11 excellent sichuan wheat cultivars had 2 good quality genes combination（Pinb-D1 b and Vp-1Bc）,with a frequency of 10.5 %.【Conclusion】Pyramiding a number of good genes as Pinb-D1b and Vp-1Bc was the effective way to improve the quality of Sichuan wheat cultivars.

关 键 词：小麦 籽粒硬度 穗发芽抗性 分子标记 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]