轻轨车辆噪声特性分析及降噪优化  

Analysis of Noise Characteristics and Optimization of Noise Reduction for Light Rail Vehicles

作　　者：冉勍 葛剑敏[1] RAN Qing;GE Jianmin(Institute of Acoustics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, Chin)

机构地区：[1]同济大学声学研究所,上海200092

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2018年第A01期259-263,共5页Noise and Vibration Control

摘　　要：城市轨道交通噪声的研究和控制已经成为人们日益关注的问题,通过对某城市轻轨列车进行噪声实验,得出车外的主要噪声源为轮轨噪声和空调噪声,其中轮轨噪声占主导地位。轮轨噪声集中分布在400 Hz^1 600 Hz,峰值位于630 Hz,车内声场分布呈现前后车门处噪声级较高,中间较低的分布规律。通过对客室车顶、侧墙和地板的隔声优化实验,将车顶和侧墙中的三聚氰胺替换为厚度相同的聚氨酯发泡材料,使得车顶和侧墙的计权隔声量分别增大了0.9 d B和2.6 d B,用EAR棉毡替换地板中的隔音棉,使得地板的计权隔声量增大了1.0 d B。The research and control of the noise of urban rail transit has become an issue with increasing concern.Through the test of the light rail vehicles of an urban, it was found that the main noise sources outside the train are wheel-rail noise and air conditioning noise, of which the wheel-rail noise is dominant. The wheel-rail noise is concentrated in the range of 400 Hz to 1 600 Hz, and the peak value is located at 630 Hz. The distribution of noise inside the car shows a higher sound pressure level at the front and rear doors, and a lower one in the middle of the car. The optimization experiments of sound insulation on the roof, side wall and floor of the carbody were done. The melamine in the roof and side wall was replaced by polyurethane foaming material with the same thickness so that the weighted sound insulation of the roof and the side wall increased by 0.9 d B and 2.6 d B respectively. And by replacing the insulation cotton by EAR cotton, the weighted sound insulation of the floor increased by 1.0 d B.

关 键 词：声学 轻轨车辆 噪声特性 隔声量 声学优化 

分 类 号：U270.16[机械工程—车辆工程]