马克思与维特根斯坦语言哲学观比较  

A Comparison Between Marx and Wittgenstein on Their Views of Language

作　　者：孙曙光[1,2] SUN Shuguang(National Center for Foreign Language Education and Research, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing 100089, China;Foreign Languages Department, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学中国外语教育与研究中心,北京100089 [2]北京体育大学外国语学院,北京100084

出　　处：《东莞理工学院学报》2018年第2期10-14,共5页Journal of Dongguan University of Technology

摘　　要：长期以来,哲学界的主流观点认为马克思和维特根斯坦分属两种不同的哲学传统,二者没有可比性。事实上,他们并不存在实质性、根本性的对立,二者的语言观具有相似性。他们都认为,语言具有实践性和公共性。维特根斯坦所认为的语言实践性是语言理解与习得的实践性,而马克思所认为的语言实践性是语言进化的实践性。维特根斯坦所认为的语言公共性是遵守规则的公共性,而马克思所认为的语言公共性是语言作为"公有财产"的公共性。马克思和维特根斯坦理论的互读和语言哲学观的比较能给予语言学家和哲学家更多的启发。The dominant view in the world of philosophy has always been that Karl Marx and Ludwig Wittgenstein belong to two different philosophical traditions and that the two thinkers have little in common. However,Marx＇s and Wittgenstein＇s views do overlap and are similar in that both agree that language has practicality and communality as its features. But Wittgenstein＇s practicality of language lies in language comprehension and acquisition,while Marx＇s practicality in language lies in language evolution. In terms of the public nature of language,Wittgenstein＇s view is that there is no private language and it is not possible to follow the rules privately. On the contrary,Marx＇s view of language communality is that language is regarded as ＂public property＂. Understanding the compatibility of the theories of Marx and Wittgenstein can hopefully shed some new light for linguists and philosophers alike.

关 键 词：马克思 维特根斯坦 语言哲学 语言观 

分 类 号：H0-05[语言文字—语言学]