逻辑推演与现实论证:中西人性观的比较研究  

Logical Deduction and Empiricism: Comparative Studies of Chinese and Western Views on Human Nature

作　　者：吕文增[1] 季乃礼[1] LV Wen-zeng;JI Nai-li(Zhou Enlai School of Government, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, Chin)

机构地区：[1]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院,天津300350

出　　处：《内蒙古大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第2期81-89,共9页Journal of Inner Mongolia University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(项目批准号:16ZDA104)

摘　　要：中西思想家对人性论有着不同的论述。中国思想家一般将人性分为先天之性与后天之性,并注重在社会中考察人性。这就有了圣人与凡人、君子与小人之别,形成了人有差等观和崇圣道德观。中国走上了君主专制道路。西方的人性观一般从抽象的人性观出发,有灵肉分离之说。他们认为人具有理性,追求至善,但重视规制人性恶的一面。西方走上了通过立约来规范权力的民主法治之路。人性是对人的一种假定,不能用现实来检验,否则就会陷入逻辑悖论。Chinese and western thinkers have different views on human nature. Chinese thinkers usually divide human nature into innate nature and acquired nature,and study it in society. This leads to the distinction between the sage and the ordinary people,the gentleman and the villain. So China is characterized by the distinction between people and sage-worshipping,and embarked on the road of absolute monarchy. Western thinkers＇ views usually begin with abstract human nature. They have the idea that humans are rational and pursue the good,and their soul and body are separate. However,they emphasize the restraints on the evil side of human nature. So the westerners embark on the road of democracy and the rule of law. Human nature is a hypothesis which cannot be tested by reality. Otherwise,we may be in trouble.

关 键 词：人性 善恶 制度构建 

分 类 号：B82-02[哲学宗教—伦理学]