武威市中小学生近视现况及相关因素分析  

Current situation and related factors of myopia among primary and middle school students in Wuwei

作　　者：张金红[1] 张文芳[1] 杨义[1] 李春丽[1] 夏锦涛 王雅东[1] 曹光[1] Zhang Jin-hong;Zhang Wen-fang;Yang Yi;et al(Department of ophthalmology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学第二医院眼科,730030

出　　处：《中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志》2018年第1期8-10,4,共4页Chinese Journal of Strabismus & Pediatric Ophthalmology

基　　金：甘肃省重大疾病项目(GSWSKY-2014-05)

摘　　要：目的了解武威市城乡中、小学生群体近视现状并探讨相关影响因素,为近视防控提供依据。方法采取整群抽样方法选取武威市城乡各两所小学、中学共1492名中小学生进行视力、验光及问卷调查。结果城乡中、小学生近视患病率为71.5%,城市学生近视患病率为74.5%,农村学生为68.5%,城镇青少年患病率显著高于农村,差异有统计学意义(X^2=15.574,P<0.05)。男性群体近视患病率为69.7%,女性为74.2%,女性近视患病率高于男生,差异有统计学意义(X^2=12.688,P<0.05)。良好的个人用眼习惯、增加户外活动时间、经常做眼保健操、减少视频终端的使用是近视眼的保护因素。结论学校和家长应加强健康用眼行为指导,帮助孩子合理使用视频终端,增加户外活动时间以预防和降低近视的发生发展。Objective To investigate the prevalence of myopia and analyze the related factors among primary and middle school students in urban and rural area of Wuwei city, Gansu Province, China. To provide evidence for prevention and control of myopia. Methods By using the cluster random sampling method, 1492 students were selected from two primary and two middle schools in urban and rural area respectively. All the subjects underwent visual and optometry examination and filled in a questionnaires. Results Urban and rural primary and middie school students myopia prevalence rate was 71.5%, the prevalence rate of urban is 74.5%, rural is 68.5%, the prevalence rate of urban adolescents was significantly higher than that in rural areas, the difference was statis- tically significant （X2=15.574, P〈0.05）. The prevalence rate of myopia in male group was 69.7%, in female was 74.2%, and the prevalence rate of myopia was higher than that of male students, and the difference was statistically significant （X2=12.688, P〈0.05）. Better individual behavior, more outdoor activities, everyday eye exercises, less using video terminal is the protective factors of myopia. Conclusion Schools and parents should strengthen the guidance of healthy eye behavior, to help children use video terminals, and increase the outdoor activities to prevent and reduce the occurrence and development of myopia.

关 键 词：中小学生 近视 影响因素 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科]