南岭亚洲鳄和存义始猛鳄的分类重估和系统发育关系检验（英文）  

Taxonomic reassessment and phylogenetic test of Asiatosuchus nanlingensis Young, 1964 and Eoalligator chunyii Young, 1964

作　　者：吴肖春 李淳[2,3] 汪衍胤[2] WU Xiao-Chun;LI Chun;WANG Yan-Yin(Canadian Museum of Nature Ottawa, ON KIP 6P4, Canada;Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology andPaleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044, China;CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Beijing 100044)

机构地区：[1]加拿大自然博物馆,渥太华K1P6P4 [2]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室,北京100044 [3]中国科学院生物演化与环境卓越创新中心,北京100044

出　　处：《古脊椎动物学报》2018年第2期137-146,共10页Vertebrata Palasiatica

基　　金：加拿大自然博物馆基金(编号：RS09)和现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所)基金(编号：153105)资助.

摘　　要：根据对有关标本的详细对比研究,重新评估了南岭亚洲鳄(Asiatosuchus nanlingensis Young,1964)和存义始猛鳄(Eoalligator chunyii Young,1964)的分类。获得的新信息表明这两种是可以彼此区分的,因此对它们各自的鉴定特征进行了进一步修订。南岭亚洲鳄是个大型种类,它很可能具有中等或很长的吻部(眶前段),主要由以下一些特征组合界定:方骨外髁比内髁大很多,上隅骨在反关节突近端尖灭,上、下颌齿缘(至少后段)几近平直,以及在下颌关节窝外侧上隅骨表面具一凹或纵沟。存义始猛鳄是个中型种类,主要可以由下列特征组合界定:方骨内、外关节髁大小几近相当,上、下颌齿缘强烈凹凸不平,齿骨联合很短,夹板骨不进入下颌联合,以及在下颌关节窝外侧上隅骨表面具一凹或纵沟。根据新的信息对南岭亚洲鳄和存义始猛鳄原来的系统关系进行了检验,所得结果不支持南岭亚洲鳄和存义始猛鳄可以形成一单系分支及反对后者是前者的同物异名。虽然本文研究表明南岭亚洲鳄可以和其他种类区分,但是在系统关系上却不能和亚洲鳄典型种(葛氏亚洲鳄Asiatosuchus grangeri)归于同一支系,如此应该为其建立一属。然而,鉴于南岭亚洲鳄标本太不完整,在没有新的、更完整的标本发现之前,本文仍沿用其原名,如德国亚洲鳄(Asiatosuchus germanicus)一样,后者也不和亚洲鳄典型种归于同一支系。The present paper revalidated Asiatosuchus nanlingensis Young, 1964 and Eoalligator chunyii Young, 1964 in taxonomy based on a detailed comparative study on those relevant specimens. New information derived from this study revealed that A. nanlingensis and E. ehunyii were truly distinguishable from each other and therefore, diagnosis was further revised for each of them. A. nanlingensis is large, with a moderately long or a very elongate snout, and characterised mainly by the combination of the following characters such as： the quadrate with a lateral condyle much larger than the medial one, the surangular pinched off before reaching the end of the retroarticular process, the dental margins （at least the posterior portion） of the jaws nearly straight, and the presence of a fossa/sulcus on the lateral surface of the surangular lateral to the mandibular fossa. E. chunyii is a median-sized, short-snouted animal and characterised mainly by the combination of the following characters such as： the condyles of the quadrate similar in size, the dental margins of the jaws strongly concavo-convex, the dentary symphyses very short, the splenial not entering the mandibular symphysis, and the presence of a fossa/sulcus on the lateral surface of the surangular lateral to the mandibular fossa. With new information derived from this study, the phylogenetic relationships ofA. nanlingensis and E. chunyii were tested, which did not support the view that the two species formed a monophyletic clade and opposed that E. chunyii could be considered as the synonym ofA. nanlingensis.

关 键 词：中国 白垩系-古新统 鳄目 分类 解剖学 

分 类 号：Q915.864[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]