拉萨血站血液报废原因分析及对策  

Analysis on the Causes of Blood Discarding in Lasa Blood Station and the Countermeasure Discussion

作　　者：齐宝宏[1] 杨绍俊[1] Qi Baohong;Yang Shaojun(Department of Blood Transfussion, the General Hospital of Tibet Military Command, Lasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, 850007, P. R. Chin)

机构地区：[1]西藏军区总医院输血科,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《西南军医》2018年第3期304-307,共4页Journal of Military Surgeon in Southwest China

基　　金：全军后勤科研重大专项(AWS13J004)

摘　　要：目的探讨高原条件下血液报废原因及解决办法,有效降低血液报废率,提高临床血液制品用血效率。方法统计2009年至2016年拉萨血站血液制品存储和使用过程中的血液报废数据,对报废血液制品种类,报废原因及相关影响因素进行回顾性分析。结果 2009年至2016年本血站共采集经检测合格的血液制品63268 U,共报废3580 U,8年内总报废率为5.66%。2009年至2016年合格血液报废比例存在显著性差异(P<0.01),血液报废率总体呈下降趋势。血液报废品种最多的是新鲜冰冻血浆(45.68%),其次为悬浮红细胞(43.20%),新鲜冰冻血浆报废的主要原因为乳糜血和破袋,而悬浮红细胞报废的主要原因为血液过期。结论加强输血前宣传及饮食监督可有效降低乳糜血的发生率;在离心和移取技术环节上的技术改进则能有效降低破袋的发生率;完善血液周转机制,并积极鼓励当地藏族及官兵自助献血储血;加强血站人才队伍建设,是有效降低西藏地区血液制品报废率,提高血液资源利用水平的重要举措。Objective To explore the causes and resolution of blood discarding in plateau so as to reduce the blood discarding rate and to improve the efficiency of clinical application of blood products.Methods A statistical study was made to the data of blood discarding in blood storage and application in Lasa Blood Station from 2009 to 2016 and a retrospective analysis was performed on the types of discarded blood products,the discarding causes and related influencing factors.Results During the period from 2009 to 2016,a total of 46613 U of qualified blood products were collected while 3580 U of blood products were scrapped with a scrap rate of 5.66%; there existed an obvious difference in the yearly discarding ratio of qualified blood from 2009 to 2016（P 〈0.01） and the discarding rate kept dropping down; fresh frozen plasma,due to chylemia and bag breakage,ranked first（45.68%） among the discarding blood products,followed by erythrocyte suspension（43.20%）,due to date expiration.Conclusions Extensive propaganda and diet supervision before blood transfusion can effectively reduce the incidence of chylemia while the improvement in the process of centrifugation and removing is of effective help in reducing bag breakage; the rate of blood discarding in Tibetan region would be greatly reduced with the development of blood flow mechanism,construction of talent team and the encouragement of local blood donation.

关 键 词：血液制品 血液报废 西藏地区 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学]