段玉裁《说文解字注》论证用语体现的归谬证伪方法  

The Reductio ad Absurdum Proofs in Duan's Arguments from the Notes to Origin of Chinese Characters

作　　者：王用源 Wang Yongyuan(School of Foreign Languages and Literature, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China;Research Center for Linguistic Sciences,Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350 , China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学外国语言与文学学院,天津300350 [2]天津大学语言科学研究中心,天津300350

出　　处：《天津大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第3期281-287,共7页Journal of Tianjin University：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金重点资助项目(15AYY009)

摘　　要：段玉裁一生校订古籍数十部,并创立了科学的校勘理论和校勘方法。从逻辑学中的归谬法视角,文章统计出段玉裁《说文解字注》用于证伪推理的联结词"假令、果、倘"共61见,从各个联结词中选三个段注实例进行分析,考察其归谬反驳的逻辑论证程序,彰显段玉裁治学思想中蕴涵的科学思想和科学方法。文章认为,归谬法是校勘指误的利器,但是归谬法不能直接进行校正,往往还需结合其他方法进行考证;归谬法的运用是段玉裁理校法的具体体现之一。DuanYucai proofread dozens of ancient books, and developed lots of scientific collation theories and methods. In the light of reductio ad absurdum in logic, this essay summarized 61 usages of connectives, including Jialing, Guo, Tang, from falsification reasoning in Duan＇s Notes to Origin of Chinese Characters. This essay analyzed three examples of each con-nective, investigated the logical argumentation procedure of reductio ad absurdum methods in that book, and emphasized the scientific thoughts and methods behind the examples. The essay concludes that the reductio ad absurdum proofs are ef-fective in pointing out errors, but it cannot correct the errors directly ; hence other methods are often required. It also points out that the use of reductio ad absurdum is the embodiment of Duan＇s proofreading methods.

关 键 词：段玉裁 《说文解字注》 论证用语 归谬法 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语]