396名肿瘤防治咨询者控烟知识的调查分析  

Survey of Tobacco-control Knowledge Among Cancer-preventing Counselees

作　　者：杨军 贾漫漫 滕菲 陈元立 单新 付凤环 邹小农 YANG Jun1, JIA Man-man2, TENG Fei1, et al.(1. National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100021,China;2. The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, Chin)

机构地区：[1]国家癌症中心]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院,北京100021 [2]郑州大学附属肿瘤医院,河南郑州450008

出　　处：《中国肿瘤》2018年第5期333-337,共5页China Cancer

摘　　要：[目的]了解肿瘤防治咨询者对控烟知识的知晓度。[方法]用统一培训和匿名方式于2016年对396名参加肿瘤防治咨询活动的人员进行控烟知识的问卷调查。[结果 ]396名调查对象中,男性237人,女性159人;现在吸烟者66名,曾经吸烟者96名,从不吸烟者234名。87.12%的调查对象在近3个月内有二手烟暴露,从不吸烟者暴露比例为86.32%。调查对象控烟知识的总知晓评分为83.61,从不吸烟组和曾经吸烟组（84.52和84.79）高于现在吸烟组（78.63）;60岁以上组的知晓评分（85.86）高于其他年龄组（83.14~83.30）,P〈0.05。调查对象对各项控烟知识的平均知晓率为4.29%~98.99%。知晓率大于80%有11项,包括同意吸烟可导致肺癌（98.48%）、肺部疾病（98.74%）、冠心病（87.12%）,暴露二手烟可影响个人健康（98.99%）、导致肺癌（94.19%）、冠心病（83.84%）;公共场所应禁止吸烟（97.98%）、室内PM2.5主要来自烟草烟雾（82.07%）、烟草中所含尼古丁会使人成瘾（92.42%）、家庭成员的支持鼓励有助于吸烟者戒烟（94.19%）;知晓率低于60%有3项,包括知晓吸入二手烟会危害人体健康（52.27%）,知晓低焦油、低尼古丁的烟不会减少对人体危害（23.4%）,仅下决心戒烟未必可以成功戒烟（4.29%）。[结论]应加强控烟知识宣传,提高公众知晓如何戒烟以及吸烟和二手烟暴露的健康危害。[Purpose] To survey the awareness of tobacco-control knowledge among cancer-preventing counselees. [Methods] An anonymous questionnaire survey about tobacco-control knowledge was conducted among 396 counselees who attended the public cancer prevention counseling activity in 2016. [Results] Among 396 participants,there were 237 males and 159 females;234 non-smokers,66 current smokers and 96 ever smokers. Results showed that 87.12% respondents were exposed to second hand smoke（SHS） in the past 3 months,and 86.32% for non-smokers. The average score of smoking-control knowledge was 83.61,with significant differences among non-smokers（84.54）,ever smokers（84.79） and current smokers（78.63）. And scores in participants over 60 years old（85.86%）was higher than others（83.14 ~83.30,P〈0.05）. For each tobacco-control item,the awareness rates ranged from 4.29% to 98.99%. There were 11 items over 80%,including＂smoking can lead to lung cancer（98.48%）,pulmonary disease（98.74%）,and coronary disease＂（87.12%）; ＂exposure to SHS can affect personal health（98.99%）,lead to lung cancer（94.19%） and coronary disease ＂（83.84%）;＂smoking should be prohibited in public places＂（97.98%）; ＂tobacco smoke can increase indoor PM2.5＂（82.07%）; ＂nicotine in tobacco is addictive＂（92.42%）; ＂supporting and encouragement of family members can help smokers to quit smoking＂（94.19%）. Three items were lower than 60%,including ＂inhalation of SHS will be harmful to human health＂（52.27%）; ＂low tar,low nicotine cigarettes cannot reduce the harm to the human body＂（23.4%）;＂don＇t agree that smokers will successfully quit smoking if they are determined to＂（4.29%）. [Conclusion] Tobacco-control knowledge should be promoted and reinforced,to raise public awareness of tobacco hazards and SHS exposure,and how to quit smoking.

关 键 词：控烟知识 肿瘤防治 烟草危害 

分 类 号：R730[医药卫生—肿瘤]