基于RS与GIS的沙坡头区生态系统服务价值研究  

Study on Ecosystem Service Value in the Shapotou District Based on RS and GIS

作　　者：王鹏[1] 王亚娟[1] 刘小鹏[1,2] 陈晓 孔福星[1] WANG Peng1 , WANG Yajuan1 , LIU Xiaopeng1,2 , CHEN Xiao1 , KONG Fuxing1(1. School of Resources and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China ; 2. Key Laboratory （China-Arab） of Resource Evaluation and Environmental Regulation of Arid Region in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学资源环境学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏(中阿)旱区资源评价与环境调控重点实验室,银川750021

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2018年第4期250-256,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"宁夏生态移民安置区生态风险及其空间分异研究"(41461039)

摘　　要：以宁夏自治区沙坡头区为例,以2000年、2007年、2013年3期TM影像为数据源,综合运用土地利用动态度、GIS空间分析法以及中国陆地生态系统服务价值估算法对沙坡头区土地利用变化状况及其生态系统服务价值变化进行了分析研究。结果表明:2000—2013年沙坡头区土地利用变化显著,耕地和未利用地面积分别减少了39 951.90,241 289.24hm^2,而其他土地利用类型面积逐年增加,其中草地面积增幅最大,年变化率高达10.58%;研究期间沙坡头区生态系统服务价值呈增加趋势,草地和林地面积的增加起到了主导作用;从沙坡头区生态系统服务价值构成来看,草地和林地两者的生态系统服务价值占比在67%~87%,是生态系统服务价值的主要构成部分;各单项生态功能服务价值中土壤形成与保护、废物处理和生物多样性保护占研究区生态系统服务价值的比重最大,三者之和占生态系统服务总价值的55%以上;各土地利用类型生态系统服务价值敏感性指数均小于1,说明沙坡头区生态系统服务价值对生态服务功能价值系数缺乏弹性,研究结果可信。The Shapotou District of the Ningxia Autonomous Region was selected an example,and remote sensing images in 2000,2007 and 2013 were selected as data sources,land use dynamic degree,GIS spatial analysis method and the Chinese land ecosystem service value estimation method were used to study the change of land use and the change of ecosystem service value.The results showed that the land use change was significant in Shapotou District from 2000 to 2013,and the areas of cultivated land and unused land decreased by 39 951.90 hm^2 and 241 289.24 hm^2,respectively;the area of other land use types increased year by year,and the area of grassland increased by 10.58%;during the study period,the value of ecosystem services in Shapotou District increased,and the increase of grassland and forest land area played the leading role.From the perspective of the ecosystem service value of Shapotou District,the ecosystem services of grassland and woodland were the main components of the value of ecosystem services.The proportion of soil formation and protection,waste treatment and biodiversity conservation in the value of individual ecological function services accounted for the most value of ecosystem services in the study area,and the sum of the three accounted more than 55% of the total value of the ecosystem services.The sensitivity index of the ecosystem service value of each land use type was less than 1,which indicates that the ecosystem service value of Shapotou District is not flexible to the value index of ecological service function,and the results are credible.

关 键 词：生态系统服务价值 土地利用变化 敏感性指数 沙坡头区 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]