金钗石斛根际可培养细菌多样性及抑菌活性研究  

Diversity and antimicrobial activities of the cultivable rhizosphric bacteria fom Dendrobium nobile

作　　者：安忠琦 詹伟[1] 吴庆珊 方正[1] 王玉倩[1] 余天华[1] 翁庆北[1] AN Zhong-qi, ZHAN Wei, WU Qing-shan, FANG Zheng, WANG Yu-qian, YU Tian-hua, WENG Qing-bei(School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, Chin)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第3期586-602,共17页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：贵州师范大学研究生创新基金(研创[2016]22);贵州省优秀科技教育人才省长专项资金([2011]47)

摘　　要：根际土壤微生物对植物根系发育和植物生长具有重要促进作用.为探究金钗石斛根际土壤细菌的多样性,利用稀释涂布平板法和16S r DNA序列分析技术,对贵州贵阳、金沙和赤水三地栽培的金钗石斛根际土壤中的细菌进行分离和初步鉴定.同时,通过双层平板打孔法和对峙培养法筛选具抑菌活性菌株.结果表明,从金钗石斛根际土壤共分离了1010株细菌,包括67个OTUs,隶属于厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门α亚群(aProteobacteria)、变形菌门β亚群(β-Proteobacteria)、变形菌门γ亚群(γ-Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)的32个属.其中厚壁菌门(54.5%),芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus,44.5%)为优势类群.不同地栽培的金钗石斛根际土壤细菌群落组成存在差异,Shannon-Wiener指数为2.80~2.94.此外,通过筛选共获得23株抑菌活性菌株,其中,JCSHGTTB03-24和CYSHGTR2A05-20两株菌对多种植物病原菌具抑菌活性.金钗石斛根际土壤细菌具丰富的多样性和潜在的生物活性.研究为今后金钗石斛栽培和农业生物防治提供了宝贵的微生物资源.Rhizospheric microorganism can improve the root development and plant growth.To explore the diversity of the D. nobile rhizospheric bacteria,based on dilution plating technique and 16 S r DNA sequence analysis method,the bacteria were isolated and identified from the rhizospheric soil of D. nobile cultivated in Guiyang,Jinsha and Chishui,Guizhou Province.And then the antimicrobial isolates were screened by plate punch method or confrontation culture method.The results showed that a total of 1010 bacterial strains were isolated,and 67 operational taxonomic units（ OTUs） were identified,which affiliated to 32 genera,6 phyla including Firmicutes,α-Proteobacteria,β-Proteobacteria,γ-Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. Among them,Firmicutes（ 54.5%） and Bacillus（ 44.5%） were dominated.The community composition of rhizospheric bacteria was varied by cultivated regions of D. nobile,and Shannon-Wiener index was from 2.80 to 2.94. Additionally,there are 23 antimicrobial isolates screened,of which JCSHGTTB03-24 and CYSHGTR2 A05-20 showed antimicrobial activity against various plant pathogens.The diversity of cultivable rhizospheric bacteria is abundant and has potential bioactivity.This study provides valuable bacteria resources for D. nobile cultivation and agricultural biocontrol in the future.

关 键 词：金钗石斛 根际细菌 土壤 多样性 抑菌活性 

分 类 号：Q938.1[生物学—微生物学]