两种温度下鄱阳湖3种典型植物茎和叶残体降解过程中水中的氮和磷含量变化  

Changes of Contents of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in the Water During Decomposition Process of Shoot and Leaf Residues of Three Kinds of Typical Plants in Poyang Lake under Two Kinds of Temperatures

作　　者：徐金英[1,2] 王晓龙 XU Jinying1,2, WANG Xiaolong1(1. State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, P.R.China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. Chin)

机构地区：[1]湖泊与环境国家重点实验室、中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,江苏南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《湿地科学》2018年第2期266-272,共7页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB417006);国家科技基础性工作专项项目(2013FY111800);国家自然科学基金项目(41171024)资助

摘　　要：于2015年10月15-17日,割取鄱阳湖3种典型植物灰化薹草（Carex cinerascens）、虉草（Phalaris arundinacea）和芦苇（Phragmites australis）地上部分,采集其茎和叶,在实验室内,在20℃和35℃条件下,在植物茎和叶残体在水中的降解过程中,测定植物残体释放到水中的氮、磷营养盐（全氮、全磷、氨氮、硝态氮、磷酸盐）的含量和降解残液p H。研究结果表明,在35℃条件下,在芦苇茎和叶残体降解过程中,水中总氮、硝态氮、氨氮和总磷质量浓度分别在实验的第24天、第24天、第30天和第30天达到最大值,分别为361.40 mg/L、168.17 mg/L、123.35 mg/L和51.95 mg/L;在20℃条件下,其质量浓度分别在实验的第24天、第12天、第18天和第30天达到最大值,分别为221.45 mg/L、57.75 mg/L、85.76 mg/L和37.00 mg/L。在35℃条件下,在灰化薹草茎和叶残体降解过程中,水中总氮、硝态氮、氨氮、总磷和磷酸盐含量在实验的第18天、第12天、第18天、第30天、第30天达到最大值,分别为147.02 mg/L、65.35 mg/L、46.69 mg/L、46.40 mg/L和21.00 mg/L;在20℃条件下,水中总氮、硝态氮和氨氮含量在实验的第24天达到最大值,分别为127.21 mg/L、72.37 mg/L和46.86 mg/L;水中总磷含量在实验的第30天达到最大值,为55.20 mg/L;水中磷酸盐含量在实验的第18天达到最大值,为19.32 mg/L。在35℃条件下,虉草茎和叶残体降解过程中,水中总氮、硝态氮、氨氮、总磷和磷酸盐质量浓度分别在实验的第18天、第12天、第18天、第30天和第18天达到最大值,分别为281.56 mg/L、105.55 mg/L、97.96 mg/L、89.30 mg/L和63.69 mg/L;在20℃条件下,其分别在实验的第30天、第30天、第18天、第12天和第18天达到最大值,分别287.95 mg/L、99.10 mg/L、108.41 mg/L、77.95 mg/L和49.38 mg/L。温度对芦苇茎和叶残体释放营养盐含量尤其是总氮和氨氮含量影响显著,但是,温度对虉草和灰化薹草茎和叶残体向水中释放的营The aboveground panlts of Carex cinerascens, Phalaris arundinacea and Phragmites australis were sampled on the beach nearby the Wetland Observation Station of Poyang Lake, the Chinese Academy of Science on 15-17, October, 2015, to explore the release process of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and phosphate from residuals at 20 ℃ and 35 ℃. The results showed that concentration of total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and total phosphorus in the decomposition solution of Phragmites australis residuals were the highest on the 24 th day, 24 th day, 30 th day and 30 th day（361.40 mg/L, 168.17 mg/L, 123.35 mg/L and 51.95 mg/L） at 35 ℃ and were highest on the24 th day, 12 th day, 18 th day and 30 th day（221.45 mg/L, 57.75 mg/L, 85.76 mg/L and 37.00 mg/L） at 20 ℃.In the decomposition solution of Carex cinerascens residuals, concentration of total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen, total phosphorus and phosphate were the highest on the 18 th day, 12 th day, 18 th day,30 th day and 30 th day（147.02 mg/L, 65.35 mg/L, 46.69 mg/L, 46.40 mg/L and 21.00 mg/L） at 35 ℃. And concentration of total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were highest on the 24 th day（127.21 mg/L, 72.37 mg/L and 46.86 mg/L）, concentration of total phosphorus was highest on the 30 th day（55.20 mg/L）, concentration of phosphate was highest on the 18 th day（19.32 mg/L） at 20 ℃. In the decomposition solution of Phalaris arundinacea residuals, concentration of total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, total phosphorus and phosphate were the highest on the 18 th day, 12 th day, 18 th day, 30 th day and18 th day（281.56 mg/L, 105.55 mg/L, 97.96 mg/L, 89.30 mg/L and 63.69 mg/L） at 35 ℃ and highest on the30 th day, 30 th day, 18 th day, 12 th day and 18 th day（287.95 mg/L, 99.10 mg/L, 108.41 mg/L, 77.95 mg/L and49.38 mg/L） at 20 ℃. Temperature had a significant influence on the decomposition of Phragmites australis residuals, espe

关 键 词：残体 茎 叶 降解 氮 磷 鄱阳湖 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]