刑事涉案财物的先行处置  

The Beforehand Disposition of Property Related to Criminal Proceedings

作　　者：方柏兴 

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院,北京100871

出　　处：《国家检察官学院学报》2018年第3期127-140,共14页Journal of National Prosecutors College

基　　金：2016年国家社科基金青年项目"刑事对物之诉研究"(16 CFX036)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：先行处置是以容易损坏、易于贬值等特定刑事涉案财物为对象,于判决前通过拍卖、变卖等方式予以提前处分的措施。我国先行处置制度虽历经数次演变,但依然未摆脱实体性要件虚化、权力行使恣意化、程序性处分实体化的现实困境。办案机关因先行处置涉案财物而获利,是造成上述困境的直接原因。我国"流水作业"式的纵向构造以及"罚没款返还"的财政制度则是其体制性根源。要破除上述困境,有必要推广刑事涉案财物集中统一管理制度、实现先行处置程序的诉讼化、转变涉案财物的上缴与财政返还机制,以斩断办案机关与涉案财物之间的利益关联,将先行处置活动纳入诉讼化的轨道。The beforehand disposal is targeted at property related to criminal proceedings that are easily damaged and easily devalued,and are subject to dispose through auctions,sales,etc.before the verdict.Although China's beforehand disposal system has evolved several times,it still has not escaped the dilemmas of substantive requirements unreality,exercise of power arbitrariness,and procedural disposition substantiation.The case-handling agency's profit from the disposal of the propertyinvolved in the case was the direct cause of the aforementioned difficulties.The vertical structure of"flowing operations"and the fiscal system of"refunding fines(disguised)"are its institutional roots.To get rid of this dilemma,it is necessary to promote the centralized and unified management system of the property related to criminal proceedings,realize the litigation of the procedure of the beforehand disposal,change the payment and the financial return mechanism of the property involved in the case,so as to cut off the interest association between the casehandling agency and the property involved,and to bring the activities of the beforehand disposal into the track of litigation.

关 键 词：涉案财物 先行处置 纵向构造 财政返还 集中统一管理 

分 类 号：D915.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]