不同拖延类型大学生的执行功能差异  

Differences of executive functions among different types of procrastinators in college students

作　　者：王旭祥[1] 戴美霞[1] 王增建 静进[1] WANG Xuxiang,DAI Meixia,WANG Zengjian,JING Jin(Faculty of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院妇幼卫生系,广州510080

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2018年第5期415-419,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

摘　　要：目的:探究不同拖延类型大学生的执行功能差异及不同执行子功能与拖延类型的关系。方法:选取广州某高校本科生1751人,采用一般拖延量表(GPS)和主动拖延量表(NAPS)调查拖延类型[GPS均分>3分且NAPS均分>4分为主动拖延者;GPS均分>3分且NAPS均分≤4分为被动拖延者;GPS均分≤3分为非拖延者]。在3类大学生中招募有效被试118人(主动拖延组26人,被动拖延组30人,非拖延组62人),采用执行功能行为评定量表成人版(BRIEF-A)测量其执行功能。结果:主动拖延组和被动拖延组的BRIEF-A总分及任务启动、工作记忆、计划/组织、材料组织因子得分均高于非拖延组,被动拖延组的转换因子得分高于非拖延组(均P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示,任务启动、工作记忆、计划/组织、材料组织与主、被动拖延均正向关联(β=0.23~0.44),转换仅与被动拖延正向关联(β=0.28)。结论:本研究提示,主、被动拖延大学生均存在执行功能缺陷,转换功能缺陷可能是主动拖延者和被动拖延者的关键差异。Objective： To analyze the differences of executive functions（ EFs） among college students with different types of procrastination and the relationship between procrastination types and executive subfunctions. Methods： The procrastination types of 1751 students from one university in Guangzhou were investigated with General Procrastination Scale（ GPS） and A NewActive Procrastination Scale（ NAPS） [The students whose GPS average score was more than 3 and NAPS average score was more than 4 were divided into active procrastinator（ AP）. The students whose GPS average score was more than 3 and NAPS average score was equal or less than4 were divided into passive procrastinator（ PP）. The students whose GPS average score was equal or less than 3 were divided into non-procrastinator（ NP） ]. Totally 118 students from people mentioned above were recruited（ among them,26 students were active procrastinator,30 were passive procrastinator,62 were non-procrastinator） and assessed with Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version（ BRIEF-A）. Result： AP and PP group＇ s scores of Global Executive Composite,Initiate,Working Memory,Plan/Organize and Organization of Materials were significantly higher than NP group（ Ps 〈0. 05）. PP group＇ s score of Shift was higher than NP group（ P〈0. 05）. After controlling age,sex,nation and IQ by multiple linear regression models, ＂Initiate＂, ＂Working memory＂, ＂Plan/Organize＂ and ＂Organization of Materials＂ were still significantly related with AP and PP（ β = 0. 23-0. 44）. However, ＂Shift＂ was only related with PP（ β = 0. 28）. Conclusion： It suggests that active procrastinators and passive procrastinators both may have executive function defects. Shift defect may be the core executive function defect between active procrastinators and passive procrastinators.

关 键 词：拖延 主动拖延 被动拖延 执行功能 横断面研究 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]