阿拉善高原生态环境退化研究进展  

Research progress of eco-environmental degradation in Alxa Plateau

作　　者：万炜 颜长珍 WAN Wei;YAN Changzhen(Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《地球环境学报》2018年第2期109-122,共14页Journal of Earth Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0501001);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB429901);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41171400)~~

摘　　要：区域生态环境退化问题是当前研究的热点内容,分析其研究现状及存在问题能更好地把握其核心领域并开展更进一步的研究。本文以典型生态环境脆弱区——阿拉善高原为研究对象,系统梳理了该区域土地沙漠化、沙尘暴演化、土地利用/覆被变化、绿洲退化、水量减少与水质恶化等与生态环境退化相关领域的研究进展。在分析已有研究成果的基础之上,就不同生态环境退化问题研究存在的不足进行了归纳总结,并提出了今后需要重点开展的研究内容,以期为阿拉善高原乃至其他生态环境脆弱区生态系统的研究提供参考。Background, aim, and scope The issue of regional eco-environmental degradation is one of the hot topics of current researches. We can better grasp the core feld concerning the eco-environmental degradation and carry out further studies through analyzing its research status and existing problems. Materials and methods Wechose the Alxa Plateau, a typical ecological fragile area, as the research case and systematically reviewed the land desertification, evolution of sandstorms, land use/cover change, oasis degradation, the decrease of water flow, deterioration of water quality and other related research fled progress in terms of eco-environmental degradation in Alxa Plateau. Results （1） In the aspect of land desertifcation issue, how to distinguish between the contribution of natural and humanistic driving factors to the desertifcation, and quantitatively analyze the driving mechanisms of humanistic factors （e.g. the development of farming and grazing, ecological immigration, regulations and policies） in desertification still remains unclear. （2） With respect to the sandstorms, only limited studies investigated the coupling relationship between sandstorms and the degradation of ecological environment, the trend and forecast of sandstorms development under the background of global warming and the engineering measures for preventing the sandstorms. （3） It is urgently needed to enhance the research about the microcosmic mechanism of ecological environment degeneration induce by the unreasonable land use types and the interaction between land cover change and the effect of ecological environment. （4） The primary cause of the degradation of the oasis in Alxa Plateau is that the soil and water resources have not been well developed. Therefore, we should make the limited water and soil resources distributed and utilized rationally and minimize ineffective dissipation and losses in oasis through quantitatively analyzing the ecological water demand in oasis, optimizing the cultivation patterns and providi

关 键 词：生态环境退化 人地关系 阿拉善高原 干旱区 综述 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]