“国家—社会”关系中的民俗体育考察——来自骆山村“骆山大龙”的田野报告  

Research on Folk Sports in the Relationship Between “State and Society”——A Field Work Report about “Luoshan Big Dragon” in LuoshanVillage

作　　者：杨中皖[1] 袁广锋[2] 麻晨俊 高亮[3] YANG Zhongwan;YUAN Guangfeng;MA Chenjun;GAO Liang(School of Physical Education, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236032, China;School of Physical Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China;School of Physical Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China)

机构地区：[1]阜阳师范学院体育学院,阜阳236032 [2]福建师范大学体育科学学院,福州350117 [3]南京师范大学体育学院,南京210023

出　　处：《体育与科学》2018年第3期91-99,共9页Sports & Science

基　　金：安徽省哲学社会科学规划项目;项目号:AHSKY2017D71

摘　　要：存在于村落的中国民俗体育,一直以来蕴含了未被当前中国意识形态所制度化的原生态元素。随着国家文化自信的强势扶持,在强调改善"治理"状况的背景下,国家与社会在互惠、双赢的理念下形成了"相互在场"局面,村落舞龙获得了"国家-社会"所形成的合力。研究应用体育人类学方法论,在田野调查的基础上,以骆山村春节期间的舞龙活动"骆山大龙"为例,对其起源、风格特征、开展现状、运动强度、舞龙流程、管理现状进行了全景的民族志式深描。基于此,研究指出:非物质文化遗产认定是骆山大龙当前得以传承的国家意志,而村民"龙崇拜"所形成的社会在场则是传承至今的核心支柱。在今后的一段时期,村落舞龙和优秀民俗体育将在"国家-社会"相互在场的基础上促进传承与发展。Chinese folk sports,existing in villages,contain originally ecological elements that have not been institutionalized by current China’s ideology.With the strong support of national culture confidence,under the background of emphasizing on improving the condition of ＂governance＂,with the idea of mutual benefit and win-win,the state and the society have formed a ＂ mutual presence＂ situation,and dragon dance in villages have gained a combined force from both the state and the society.Using the methodology of sports anthropology,based on field work,this research takes ＂ Luoshan Big Dragon＂ which appears during Chinese Spring Festival in Luoshan village as an example,deeply describes its origin,characteristics,current status of development,intensity of exercise,procedure of dragon dance,and current status of management almost like ethnography.Based on the above,the research draws a conclusion that the identification of intangible cultural heritage is external support which based on the presence or the will of the state,at the same time, ＂dragon worshipping＂ is an internal core pillar which based on the presence of the society.In the next period of time,dragon dance and excellent folk sports in villages will be inherited and developed on the basis of mutual presence of ＂statesociety＂.

关 键 词：民俗体育 国家-社会 舞龙 非物质文化遗产 体育人类学 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]