浪漫主义的反讽概念:实质、类型和限度  

Romantic Irony: Essence,Type and Limitation

作　　者：李金辉[1] LI Jinhui

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学哲学学院

出　　处：《思想战线》2018年第3期143-148,共6页Thinking

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"精神分析;症候式阅读和权力解释学视角下的阿尔都塞研究"阶段性成果(17BZX033);黑龙江省哲学社会科学一般项目"对古典实用主义哲学的现象学解读"阶段性成果(12D016)

摘　　要：反讽概念可以分为浪漫主义和理性主义两种类型。浪漫主义的反讽强调无穷的否定,通过这种否定以表现无限的绝对运动,遵循"否定的辩证法"。它不是以肯定和同一性为目的,而是以否定自身为目的。它强调反讽自身的独立性,使反讽作为反讽而存在。这本质上是一种艺术美学意义上的反讽,它蕴含一种反理性的或非理性的"泛情感主义"。这种反讽蕴含着一种关于存在理解的虚无化趋势,它可能导致形而上学的消解和道德价值的真空,使人类陷入虚无主义的无意义的生存困境。与此相反,理性主义者主张一种不同类型的反讽:即哲学伦理学意义的反讽。理性主义者认为,浪漫主义的美学反讽必须伴有对道德原则和形而上学意义的重建,主张必须重建浪漫主义美学的哲学伦理学维度,完成浪漫主义美学的创造性转换。因此,浪漫主义的情感和感性必须建立在理性基础上,表现为一种体现人类自由意志的哲学伦理学的浪漫主义。The concept of irony can be divided into two types： Romanticism and Rationalism. The irony of romanticism emphasizes infinite negation and expresses infinite absolute movement through this negation and follows the ＂negative dialectics＂. It aims at self-denial rather than affirmation and identity. It emphasizes the independence of irony itself,and makes irony to exist as irony. In essence,this is an irony in the sense of artistic aesthetics,which contains a kind of anti-rational or irrational ＂Pan-emotionism＂. This irony contains a trend of nihilistic understanding of existence and it may lead to the elimination of metaphysics and the vacuum of moral value,which makes human beings fall into the meaningless existence dilemma of nihilism. On the contrary,the rationalist advocates a different type of irony： the irony in the sense of philosophy and ethics. Rationalists believe that the aesthetical irony of romanticism must be accompanied by the reconstruction of moral principles and metaphysics and advocate the reconstruction of the philosophical ethics dimension of romantic aesthetics and the completion of the creative transformation of the romantic aesthetics. Therefore,the emotion and sensibility of romanticism must be built on the basis of rationality and expressed as a kind of romanticism of philosophical ethics which embodies the free will of human beings.

关 键 词：浪漫主义反讽 艺术美学 哲学伦理学 情感 理性 

分 类 号：B089[哲学宗教—哲学理论]