蓝莓贮藏期病原菌的分离鉴定及植物粗提物抑菌效果研究  

Isolation and identification of pathogenic fungi for blueberry during storage and inhibitory effect of natural plant crude extracts

作　　者：阳秀莲 王伟 林树花 刘伟[2] 张菊华[2] YANG Xiu-lian1, WANG Wei1, LIN Shu-hua2, LIU Wei2, ZHANG Ju-hua2.(1 .Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha 410125; 2.Hunan Agricultural Sciences Academy of Agricultural Products Processing Institute Changsha 41012)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学研究生院隆平分院,长沙410125 [2]湖南省农业科学院农产品加工研究所,长沙410125

出　　处：《食品科技》2018年第5期41-48,共8页Food Science and Technology

基　　金：湖南省重点研发计划项目(2016NK2182);国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD16B01)

摘　　要：以湖南省长沙县的兔眼蓝莓(粉蓝)为试材,分离并鉴定出自然贮藏过程中引发蓝莓果实腐烂变质的3株主要病原真菌(LM-1、LM-2和LM-3),同时采用牛津杯法开展21种植物乙醇粗提物对其中2株低温贮藏中重要致病真菌的抑菌活性筛选,并确定其最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。经形态学观察和18S r DNA序列分析将3株病原真菌分别鉴定为灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea)、互隔交链孢霉(Alternaria alternata)和类阿达青霉(Penicillium adametzioides)。抑菌实验结果表明,丁香对灰葡萄孢菌和互隔交链孢霉的抑制能力最强,0.5 g/m L丁香提取液对灰葡萄孢菌和互隔交链孢霉的平均抑菌圈直径分别达47.55、40.66 mm,MIC分别为15.63、31.25 mg/m L,MBC分别为31.25、62.5 mg/m L。Three main pathogenic fungi, designated as LM-1, LM-2 and LM-3 respectively, causing the deacy and deterioration of blueberry fruit during natural storage were isolated and identified from rabbit eye blueberry（powderblue） from Changsha county, Hunan province. Besides, 21 kinds of plant crude ethanol extracts were used to investigate the antifungal activities of 2 important pathogenic fungi breeding in low temperature storage by Oxford cup method and the minimal inhibitory concertration（MIC） and minimal bactericidal concentration（MBC） of these plant extracts were determined. According to the characters of pathogen morphology and sequences analysis of 18 S r DNA, the three isolated strains were identified as Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria alternata and Penicillium adametzioides respectively. The study of antifungal activities suggested that clove has the most strongest inhibitory ability against Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria alternata in all plant extracts, and the average inhibitory circle diameters on the two kinds of pathogenic fungi were 47.55, 40.66 mm under the concentration of 0.5 g/m L, respectively, and the MICs of clove against these two kinds of fungi were 15.63, 31.25 mg/m L, the MBCs were 31.25, 62.5 mg/m L.

关 键 词：蓝莓 病原真菌 分离鉴定 植物粗提物 抑菌效果 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]