负性情绪强度对双加工再认提取的影响  

The Influence of Negative Emotional Intensity on Dual-Processing Recognition Retrieval

作　　者：王宝玺[1] 程琛 熊思雅 李富洪[1] 张璟[1] 向玲[1] Wang Baoxi;Cheng Chen;Xiong Siya;Li Fuhong;Zhang Jing;Xiang Ling(School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 33002)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学心理学院,南昌330022

出　　处：《心理科学》2018年第3期540-545,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：江西省教育科学"十二五"规划重点课题(15ZD3LYB010);江西省社会科学"十二五"规划课题(15JY10;14JY32);江西省自然基金项目(20161BAB205224);中国博士后科学基金项目(2015M571989)的资助

摘　　要：双加工理论认为再认提取存在回想和熟悉性两种认知加工过程。本研究采用修正的"记得/知道"范式,考察不同强度的负性情绪对这两种再认提取过程的影响。结果发现:(1)在记得反应上,不同负性情绪强度材料的再认成绩呈现出以下模式:高度负性>中度负性>轻度负性>中性;(2)在知道反应上,不同负性情绪强度材料的再认成绩呈现出以下模式:高度负性<中度负性<轻度负性<中性。这些结果表明,不同强度的负性材料对情绪记忆的影响表现为两条途径:依赖于回想的再认随着负性情绪强度的增加而逐步提高;而依赖于熟悉性的再认随着负性情绪强度的增加而逐步降低。Dual-processing theory assumes that recognition memory involves two distinct memory processes, familiarity and recollection. Familiarity refers to a fast-acting retrieval process without the retrieval of any contextual details of the past event, whereas recollection involves the conscious retrieval of specific temporal and spatial information of past experiences. Emotional stimuli differ not only in respect to the valence polarity, but also in respect to emotional intensity. Although the effects of different negative emotional intensity on recognition memory have been investigated, it is unknown how different levels of negative emotional intensity influence familiarity and recollection.In the present study, we used modified ＂remember/know＂ paradigm to investigate how negative emotional intensity influenced familiarity and recollection. In the study phase, subjects were instructed to learn the pictures of different levels of emotional intensity including neutral, highly negative（HN）, moderate negative（MN）, and low negative（LN）. In the test phase, they made ＂remember/know/guess/new＂ recognition judgments towards stimuli intermixed with learnt and new pictures. According to attention narrowing hypothesis, negative valence leads individuals to focus attention on local details. We hypothesized that the negative item would engage more detail processing with the increase in the negative emotional intensity during encoding. In retrieval phase, individual memory depended more on recollection with the increase in the negative emotional intensity during encoding. The discrimination Pr was measured as the hit rate of old picture minus new picture. A repeated measures ANOVAs were performed with emotional intensity（LN, MN, HN and Neutral） and item type（remember, know, guess） as factors. The results showed there was a significant difference among emotional intensity in the ＂remember＂ judgments, presenting the following pattern： HN 〉 MN 〉 LN 〉 Neutral. As for the ＂remember＂ judgments,

关 键 词：负性情绪强度 再认提取 回想 熟悉性 

分 类 号：B842.6[哲学宗教—基础心理学]