情绪对延迟折扣的影响:现状、机制与展望  

The Influence of Emotion on Delayed Discounting: Status Quo, Mechanism and Prospect

作　　者：刘雷 索涛[2] Liu Lei;Suo Tao(Department of Psychology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211;Institute of Psychology ＆ Behavior, School of Education Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学教师教育学院,宁波315211 [2]河南大学教育科学学院心理与行为研究所,开封475004

出　　处：《心理科学》2018年第3期553-558,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金项目(16YJC190013);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ17C090002);河南省哲学社科规划项目(2015BJY007);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(16A190001)的资助

摘　　要：延迟折扣研究领域日益重视情绪的影响作用。本文基于三类研究取向对情绪与延迟折扣关系研究进行了回顾。情绪效价和唤醒度均影响延迟折扣,但是研究结果并不一致;具体情绪类型不同,其对延迟折扣影响也存在差异。除此之外,本文就情绪信息理论、情绪动机维度理论和评估倾向理论如何解释延迟折扣进行了详细阐述。未来的研究需要进一步深入考察情绪影响延迟折扣的认知神经机制,从而为延迟折扣的负性情绪效应干预提供可靠的科学依据。Early studies on decision-making didn’t give any room to emotions. Later, Herbert Simon launched a revolution in decision theory when he introduced bounded rationality. Simon knew that his theory would be incomplete until the role of emotion was specified, thus presaging the crucial role contemporary science has begun to give emotion in decision research. Delayed discounting means that, compared with current or recent benefits（or losses）, people tend to give future benefits（or losses） less weight and choose current or recent benefits（or losses）. Delayed discounting is an important research direction in the field of decision-making. Researchers have explored the relationship between emotion and delayed discounting in a number of areas（e.g., investment, economic policy, health）.In the present article, we reviewed the related studies on emotion and delayed discounting. First, we summarized the studies on relations of emotion and delayed discounting, which were divided into three aspects： influence of emotional valence on delayed discounting, influence of emotional arousal on delayed discounting and influence of specific emotion on delayed discounting. Then, we reviewed the theoretical explanations of the effect of emotion on delayed discounting. Finally, the future research directions were prospected.The research status of relation emotion with delayed discounting： Based on the emotional valence perspective, some studies have showed that positive emotions reduced the discounting rate on long-term values, and negative emotions increased the discounting rate for long-term values in delayed discounting tasks. However, the other studies showed that positive emotions increased the discounting rate of the delayed value, and negative emotions reduced the discounting rate of the delayed value. Based on the emotional arousal perspective, the studies showed that different degrees of arousal had different effects on delayed discounting. Emotion is a separable whole of a variety of ingredients, and thus em

关 键 词：情绪 延迟折扣 情绪信息理论 情绪动机维度理论 评估倾向理论 

分 类 号：B842.6[哲学宗教—基础心理学]