超声乳化术与小切口白内障囊外摘出术效果比较  

Comparison of the efficacy between phacoemulsification and small incision extracapsular cataract extraction for the treatment of cataract

作　　者：黄筱鸣 李模罡 Huang Xiaoming;Li Mogang(Department of Ophthalmology, First People＇s Hospital of Daishan County, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316200, China)

机构地区：[1]岱山县第一人民医院眼科,浙江舟山316200

出　　处：《中华眼外伤职业眼病杂志》2018年第5期382-386,共5页Chinese Journal of Ocular Trauma and Occupational Eye Disease

摘　　要：目的比较超声乳化术与小切口白内障囊外摘出术治疗老年性白内障的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2015年5月至2017年5月老年性白内障198例，其中120例（198眼）采用小切口自内障囊外摘出术（小切口组），78例采用晶状体超声乳化吸出术（超乳组），比较两组的手术效果、并发症及角膜内皮细胞密度。结果两组术后3d、1个月和3个月的视力均较术前提高（P〈0．05），术后1个月和3个月的视力均较术后3d提高（P〈0．05），但两组间治疗前及治疗后各个时间点的视力差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。两组术后3d和1个月的散光度均较术前增加（P〈0．05），术后1个月和3个月的散光度均较术后3d减小（P〈0．05），小切口组术后3d散光度高于超乳组（P〈0．05），其他各个时间段两组间散光度相近（P〉0．05）。两组并发症发生率相近（P〉0．05）。治疗前，角膜内皮细胞密度和六角形细胞比例两组均相近（P〉0．05）；术后，两组均减小（P〈0．05），且小切口组少于超乳组（P〈0．05）。结论超声乳化术和白内障囊外摘出术治疗老年性白内障均能取得较好疗效，超声乳化术在保护角膜内皮细胞方面可能具有优势。Objective To compare the efficacy between phacoemulsification and small incision extracapsular cataract extraction for the treatment of senile cataract. Methods The data of 198 eyes of 198 patients with senile cataract from May 2015 to May 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. All cases were divided randomly into 2 groups. Small incision group, 120 patients, underwent small incision extracapsular cataract extraction, and phacoemulsification group, 78 patients, received phacoemulsification. The efficacy, complications and corneal endothelial cell density between two groups were compared. Results The visual acuity of two groups at 3 d, 1 and 3 months after operation were improved (P 〈 0.05), and the visual acuity of two groups at 1 and 3 months after operation were better than that at 3 d postoperatively (P 〈 0.05). The difference was not statistically significant between two groups before and after surgery (P 〉 0.05). The astigmatism degree of both groups at 3 d and 1 month after operation were increased (P 〈 0.05). The astigmatism degree of both groups at 1 and 3 months after operation were smaller than that at 3 d postoperatively （P 〈 0.05). At 3 d after treatment, the astigmatism degree of small incision group was higher than that of phacoemulsification group (P 〈 0.05). The difference in complication rate at other times between two groups was not significant (P 〉 0.05). Before operation, the difference in endothelial cell densities and hexagonal cell ratio between two groups were not significant (P 〉 0.05). After operation, the endothelial cell densities and hexagonal cell ratio of both groups were decreased (P 〈 0.05）, and the small incision group were lower than phacoemulsification group （P 〈 0. 05). Conclusion Both phacoemulsification and small incision extracapsular cataract extraction can get good curative effect in the treatment of senile cataract, and phacoemulsification may have an advantage on protecting the corneal endothelial cells.

关 键 词：晶状体超声乳化术 白内障囊外摘出术 小切口 白内障 老年性 

分 类 号：R779.66[医药卫生—眼科]