哈密绿洲土地利用变化对区域环境的影响  

Effects of Land Use/Cover Change on Regional Environment in the Hami Oasis

作　　者：杜皓阳 胡琪[3] 张弛[1] 邱源 邵华[1] 潘涛[1,2] 金晓龙 常红[4] DU Hao-yang;HU Qi;ZHANG Chi;QIU Yuan;SHAO Hua;PAN Tao;JIN Xiao-long;CHANG Hong(State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang , China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences ,Beijing 100049, China;School of Natural Resources and Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln 68583, USA;Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]内布拉斯加大学林肯分校自然资源学院和地球与大气科学系,美国林肯68583 [4]石河子大学,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2018年第3期568-578,共11页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1503301)资助

摘　　要：中国干旱区绿洲在过去20 a经历了快速的城市化和农田扩张,为了探究该区域不同下垫面在＂荒漠-绿洲-城市＂演化过程中对区域自然环境以及气象要素的影响。以典型的哈密绿洲为研究区,利用WRF模式分别耦合2000年、2015年2期土地利用数据,模拟对比分析夏季7月哈密绿洲土地利用变化前后区域自然环境要素的影响,采集的指标为2 m气温、2 m相对湿度、地表温度。研究表明：（1）哈密绿洲土地利用变化对气象要素的综合效应表现为：2 m气温升高1.2℃,相对湿度增加2%;（2）下垫面由绿洲转变为城市,2 m气温增加2.5～3℃,地温增加6～7.5℃,相对湿度减小4%～8%;（3）由荒漠变为城市,2 m气温增加1～2℃,地温增加3～6℃,相对湿度减小0～4%;（4）由荒漠变为绿洲,2 m气温降低1.5～4℃,地温降低0～7.5℃,相对湿度增加4%～16%。总体来看：在中国干旱区,城市化过程使该区域进一步变热和变干,与之相反,绿洲扩张使得区域具有变冷和变湿的趋势。The oases in northwest China have experienced the rapid urbanization and agricultural reclamation during the last decades. In order to investigate the effects of these land use/cover changes on regional environment,the Weather Research and Forecast（ WRF） model was used in researching the Hami Oasis in this study. Two 1-month simulations were conducted separately in July with different land use/cover datasets derived from the satellite images of 2000 and 2015. Firstly,we not only used the data from the observation stations to validate the model accuracy,but also used the remote sensing retrieval data to validate the land surface temperature. The values of 2 m height air temperature were validated through the bias between the observed values and the outputs of WRF model,and the root mean square error（ RMSE） between the observed values and the model outputs,the correlation coefficient（ R）between the observed values and the model outputs,and the average Bias,and RMSE and R between the observed values and the model outputs were 0. 4,1. 7 and 84% respectively. The average bias,RMSE and 2 m height relative humidity was 1. 6,5. 8 and 81% respectively. The correlation coefficient of land surface temperature between remote sensing retrieval value and the model out was 87%. These results showed that our model was very reliable. Secondly,this paper investigated the 2 m height temperature,2 m height relative humidity and land surface temperature in2000 and 2015 respectively. Comparison between the model results showed that 2 m height temperature was increased by 1. 2 ℃ and the 2 m height relative humidity by 2% from 2000 to 2015 in the whole region. The 2 m height temperature was increased by 2. 5-3 ℃ and the land surface temperature by 6-7. 5 ℃,but the 2 m height relative humidity was decreased by 4%-8% when the land use/cover transformed from oasis to urban area. On the contrast,the 2 m height air temperature was increased by 1-2 ℃ and the land surface temperature by 3-6 ℃,but the 2 m height relative h

关 键 词：WRF 土地利用变化 2m气温 2m相对湿度 地表温度 哈密绿洲 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济] P463.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]