牛粪堆肥过程中土霉素降解及其与微生物群落结构的关系  

Terramycin degradation during cattle manures composting and its relationship to microbial community structure

作　　者：熊志强[1] 霍朝晨 张炜然 王长虹[1] 晏磊[1] 王伟东[1] XIONG Zhiqiang;HUO Zhaochen;ZHANG Weiran;WANG Changhong;YAN Lei;WANG Weidong(Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Recycling of Argo - Waste in Cold Region, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省寒区环境微生物与农业废弃物资源化利用重点实验室黑龙江八一农垦大学生命科学技术学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《土壤与作物》2018年第2期111-119,共9页Soils and Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31270536);国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFD0800602);中央财政引导地方科技发展计划项目(ZY16A06-02);黑龙江农垦科技攻关项目(HNK135-04-08;HNK125B-11-06A);黑龙江八一农垦大学研究生创新项目(YJSCX2016-Y47)

摘　　要：畜禽粪便的堆肥化过程可以有效降解土霉素等抗生素,温度是影响降解过程的主要因素,而复杂的微生物群落常被忽视。本研究以土霉素初始含量0做为对照(CK),探析了牛粪堆肥(TG)过程中60 mg·kg^(-1)的土霉素的降解及微生物群落变化规律。结果显示,经28 d的堆肥处理,土霉素降解率达93.3%,63 d后,降解率达96.7%。微生物群落方面,在土霉素处理中,类芽孢杆菌属、芽孢杆菌属和Thermobacillus在高温期增加,其相对丰度由原料中的0.04%、0和0分别升高到高温期的4.25%、1.16%和1.68%,而在空白组中分别为0.20%、0.02%和0.09%。此外,相关性分析发现芽孢杆菌属、短芽孢杆菌属以及Chelatococcus对土霉素的降解过程具有较大的效应,证实土霉素在牛粪堆肥过程中的生物降解与微生物密切相关。The livestock manure composting can effectively degrade antibiotics such as oxytetracycline. Temperature is considered as one of the important factors during composting. However,the roles of microorganisms in composting process are often neglected. Aiming to understand oxytetracycline degradation and microbial community changes,we conducted an experiment with two concentrations of oxytetracycline,0 as a control（ CK） and 60 mg·kg-1 as a treated group（ TG）. The results showed that the degradation ratios of oxytetracycline were 93. 3% and 96. 7% at 28 days and 63 days,respectively. Also,the relative abundances for Paenibacillus,Bacillus and Thermobacillus increased from 0. 04%,0 and 0 to 4. 25%,1. 16% and 1. 68% in TG group,while only increased to 0. 20%,0. 02% and 0. 09% in CK,respectively. Moreover,the effect of Bacillus,Brevibacillus and Chelatococcus on oxytetracycline degradation was significant,indicating that microbial degradation may play an important role in degrading oxytetracycline,which confirmed a close relationship between the oxytetracycline degradation and microorganism community during cattle manure composting.

关 键 词：土霉素 堆肥 微生物多样性 生物降解 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学]