煤矿常见地质异常地震正演模拟在石屏矿地震解释中的应用  

Seismic forward modeling of common geological anomalies and its application in Shiping Coal Mine

作　　者：占文锋[1] ZHAN Wen-feng(Beijing Polytechnic College, Beijing 100042, China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业职业技术学院,北京100042

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2018年第6期115-119,共5页Coal Engineering

基　　金：北京市教育委员会科技计划面上项目(KM201810853005);川煤集团重点科技项目计划(CM20150013);校内重点课题资助(bgzykyz201606)

摘　　要：运用地震波场正演模拟有限差分方法,模拟不同厚度煤层、不同性质采空区及断层对地震波场响应特征,结果表明:煤层未开采时,能形成能量强、波组特征明显的反射波,但煤层厚度较小时,层间多次反射叠加导致煤层顶底板界面不易区分。当煤层开挖留下采空区时,采空区处能量变强,频率变低。采空区内充填物质不同,能量变化也不同。全充气时能量比全充水时能量高,频率低,延迟也越明显。断层导致断点和断面出现明显的反射、绕射波,在地震剖面上表现为反射波同相轴错动特征。将正演模拟结果应用于石屏矿三维地震资料处理与解释,可以较容易识别目标地层及断层、采空区、陷落柱等地灾异常,为采掘系统合理布置和矿井水防治提供了有力支撑。The seismic wave field simulation of finite difference method is used to simulate the seismic wave field response characteristics to the coal seams with different thickness,different properties of goafs and faults,the results show that strong energy and obvious characteristics reflected waves can be formed when the coal seams are not mined,but if the thickness of coal seam is thin,the coal seam interfaces between the roof and floor are difficult to distinguish because of the multiple layers reflection. When the coal seam is excavated,the reflected waves energy in goafs becomes stronger and the frequency becomes lower. The filling materials are different in goaf,and the energy changes are different. When the goaf is filled with gas,the energy is higher,the frequency is lower,and the delay is more obvious than that filled with water.The fault causes obvious reflection and diffraction waves at the breakpoints and the planes,which shows that the phase axes are discontinuous. The simulation results has been applied for processing and interpretation the 3 D seismic data of Shiping Coal Mine,it can easily identify the target strata, faults, goafs and collapse columns, which provides basis for the arrangement of mining system and mine water prevention.

关 键 词：地震波 正演模拟 有限差分 地质异常 

分 类 号：TD163[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]