成人终末期多囊肾病的临床特点分析  

Analysis of clinical characteristics of adult patients with end stage polycystic kidney disease

作　　者：朱子豪 翟文豪[1] 王明秋[1] 陈学勋[2] 郭民[2] 李香玲[2] Zhu Zihao;Zhai Wenhao;Wang Mingqiu;Chen Xuexun;Guo Min;Li Xiangling(Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China;Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院,山东潍坊261000 [2]潍坊医学院附属医院肾内科,261000

出　　处：《中国实用医刊》2018年第11期11-13,16,共4页Chinese Journal of Practical Medicine

基　　金：山东省中医药科技发展计划项目（2015-226）;山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目（2017ws404,2014WS0476）

摘　　要：目的总结分析成人型常染色体显性遗传性终末期多囊肾病患者的临床特点。方法回顾性分析55例成人型常染色体显性遗传性终末期多囊肾病患者的临床资料，包括性别、年龄、病程、是否合并多囊肝、颅内动脉瘤、泌尿系结石；有无血尿、蛋白尿、泌尿系感染；是否行血液透析、血脂状况、肾脏大小等检查，有无腰部疼痛、阳性家族史等。结果男28例，平均（50.4±13.7）岁；女27例，平均（52.8±11.5）岁；≥50岁32例（58.18%）；病程≥10年33例（60.0%）；血尿44例（80.0%），蛋白尿50例（90.90%），合并泌尿系感染46例（83.60%），合并多囊肝49例（89.10%），高血压48例（87.3%），肾脏体积增大53例（96.4%）；胆固醇（8.97±5.05）mmol/L，三酰甘油2.23（0.56，14.32）mmol/L，肌酐（481.46±215.56）μmol/L，尿素氮（12.32±60.04）μmol/L，血尿酸（497.36±57.02）μmol/L，血β2微球蛋白（10.67±5.57）mg/L，24 h尿蛋白定量2.195（0.03，15.4）g/L。结论成人终末期多囊肾病发病与性别无关，高血脂、高血压、血尿、蛋白尿、肾功能异常、合并多囊肝及泌尿系感染是其常见的临床表现，其病程长，多数患者肾脏体积均增大。应重视其主要临床表现，及早发现并干预，可延缓多囊肾病进展。ObjectiveTo analyze and conclude the clinical characteristics of adult patients with end stage polycystic kidney disease.MethodsRetrospective analysis on clinical data of 55 adult patients with end stage polycystic kidney disease was complemented, including gender, age, disease duration, complicated by polycycstic liver, intracranial aneurysm, urinary calculus or not, hematuria level, urine protein, the urinary infection, hemodialysis, blood lipid, renal volume, lower back pain and family history of positive.ResultsThere were 28 males with a mean age of （50.4±13.7） years and 27 females with a mean age of （52.8±11.5） years, 32 cases with age≥50 years （58.18%）; 33 cases （60.0%） had disease duration≥10 years; 44 cases （80.0%） had hematuria, 50 （90.90%） cases had proteinuria, 46 cases （83.60%） had urinary tract infection, 49 cases （89.10%） had polycystic liver disease, 48 cases （87.3%） had hypertension, 53 cases （96.4%） had increased kidney volume. Cholesterol level was （8.97±5.05） mmol/L, triacylglycerol level was 2.23（0.56, 14.32） mmol/L, serum creatinine level was （481.46±215.56） mmol/L, blood urea nitrogen was （12.32±60.04） mmol/L, blood uric acid level was （497.36±57.02） μmol/L, β2 microglobulin level was （10.67±5.57）mg/L, 24 h urinary protein content was 2.195（0.03, 15.4） g/L.ConclusionsEnd stage polycystic kidney disease onset in adult patients is not correlated with gender; hyperlipidemia, hypertension, hematuria, proteinuria, renal function abnormality, urinary tract infection and polycystic liver disease are the common clinical manifestations of this disease. Kidney volume increased in most patients with end stage polycystic kidney disease, and the duration was longer. We should pay attention to its main clinical manifestations, implement detection and intervention in early to delay the progress of end stage polycystic kidney disease.

关 键 词：多囊肾 常染色体显性 终末期肾病 临床特点 

分 类 号：R692.1[医药卫生—泌尿科学]